The Operating Committee heard first reading last week on changes to Manual 1, Attachment B: Schedule of Data Submittals. The committee will be asked to endorse the changes at its next meeting.
Reason for change: The North American Electric Reliability Corp. requires PJM to provide evidence to demonstrate compliance with reliability standards.
Impact: Specifies method of submittal. Adds new requirement. (See table)
PJM contact: Chris Smart
A proposal to boost penalties for resources that fall short of their synchronized reserve commitments stalled at the Operating Committee last week as utilities called for more details.
The proposal by PJM and the Market Monitor failed on a tie 38-38 vote, with utilities including PSEG, PPL, AEP and Dayton Power and Light voting in opposition. Industrial users and other utilities, including FirstEnergy and UGI abstained.
The proposal was meant to address concerns over the lack of a qualification process for participation as Tier 2 Synchronized Reserve resources and the increased participation of demand response. Officials said the current penalty structure was insufficient to ensure compliance.
SR resources provided only 73% of the megawatts they were assigned, with less than one-third of units proving 100% or more of their assignments, said PJM’s Kim Warshel, who presented the issue to the committee.
The analysis found that the increase in demand response from 25% to 33% of SR resources had not hurt overall performance.
PJM and the monitor also concluded the current penalties are insufficient because of the decrease in the number of events of 10 minutes or longer (for which performance measurement applies), and the increase in days between events — currently 13 days. “It doesn’t have a lot of teeth anymore,” said Warshel.
Under current rules, if a resource fails to perform in one hour it doesn’t affect its credit for performing in another hour during the same day.
Dave Pratzon, who represents independent generators, said generators could be inadvertently penalized if plant operators fail to update their availability during the day when they are temporarily unable to perform. “I think more needs to be done before we take a vote on this,” he said.
Other RTOs have qualification standards for resources seeking to offer in the SR market and conduct random tests to validate capability. The “must offer” requirement accompanying PJM’s Shortage Pricing limits its ability to implement similar procedures.
As a result, PJM and the monitor concluded that the best solution was to increase penalties.
The current language of Manual 11 states that:
The resource is credited for Tier 2 synchronized reserve capacity in the amount that actually responded for the contiguous hours the resource was assigned Tier 2 synchronized reserve during which the event occurred, and;
The owner of the resource incurs a synchronized reserve obligation in the amount of the shortfall for the three consecutive, same-peak days occurring at least three business days following the event.
(Emphasis added.)
The proposed change would remove the “contiguous” hours statement from the same-day penalty, meaning the resource’s credit will be reduced for the entire day if there is a shortfall in any hours. “You can’t stop and come back in and your penalty is erased,” explained Stu Bresler, PJM vice president of market operations.
“I can’t support that,” responded Brad Weghorst, market & regulatory policy manager for PPL Energy Plus.
The proposal also would increase the duration of the following-days’ penalty from three to the average number of days between events, as determined by an annual review.
PJM briefed members Wednesday on manual changes documenting two improved methods for verifying demand response providers’ customer baselines (CBL).
The CBL is used to forecast how much power a resource would have used absent DR. The two methods being added to Manual 11 are already permitted and one is in limited use.
The Same Day (3 + 2) method bases the CBL on the average of three hours before event (after skipping one hour) and two hours after event (after skipping one hour). For an event occurring in hours ending 13-17, for example, PJM would average hours ending 9-11 and 19-20.
The Match Day (3-day average) method uses an average of the three non-event days with the most similar load to the non-event hours on the event day. The hour before and after the event are excluded from the “non-event” hours.
PJM officials gave the Transmission Expansion Advisory Committee a status report Thursday on their analysis of the 26 proposals for correcting stability problems at Artificial Island in South Jersey.
PJM’s first competitive transmission project under FERC Order 1000 attracted proposals from five utilities and three independent developers. The proposals ranged from $116 million to $1.5 billion. (Eight Companies Vie for Artificial Island Project)
![Salem and Hope Creek Nuclear Reactors on Artificial Island. Photo Taken By Peretz Partensky from San Francisco, USA [CC-BY-2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons](/ext/resources/2013/09/Salem_and_Hope_Creek_Nuclear_Reactors_7238282472.jpg)
PJM’s Mark Sims told the TEAC that PJM planners wouldn’t be judging them on a “pass-fail” system but “don’t have the ability to analyze each one in excruciating detail.”
Sims said planners were conducting short circuit and thermal studies and hoped to have some initial findings at the next TEAC meeting. “We’re looking at projects as proposed” at this stage and not considering modifications to improve them, he added.
Sims also said PJM is seeking an outside engineer to help with the analysis. The consultant will help vet the developers’ cost estimates as well as providing “higher level information” for comparing the proposals, including issues such as line and river crossings.
In response to a question, Steve Herling, PJM vice president of planning, said public policy benefits of the proposals “can only be entertained if those states are on board to pay for those benefits.”
Sharon Segner, of LS Power, said one of her company’s two proposals includes at least $265 million in market efficiency benefits as a potential “tiebreaker” in the evaluations. The proposal, which envisions a new 230 kV line, has an estimated cost of $116 to $148 million.
Artificial Island is the home of the Salem and Hope Creek nuclear plants in Hancocks Bridge N.J.
The Planning Committee approved two alternatives to protect wind generators from being assigned artificially depressed capacity values due to curtailments ordered by PJM.
Under current policy, when wind generators are curtailed by PJM for any portion of a peak summer hour, the hour is excluded from the generator’s capacity credit calculation. (See Alternative Wind Capacity Calculations Yield Murky Results.)
Under Alternative 2, state estimator data would be used to interpolate output for each five-minute period with curtailments.
Under Alternative 3, forecast data from PJM operations — which is currently used for lost opportunity cost calculations — would be used for hours with curtailments.
Metered data would be used for all hours without curtailments under both options. Units with no curtailments over peak summer hours would not be affected by either option.
Alternative 2 was approved by a 101-23 margin and will be the primary option considered by the Markets and Reliability Committee. The MRC also can select Alternative 3, which was approved by a narrower 68-40 margin.
Assuming MRC approval, the new procedure would be applied to summer 2013 when capacity credit calculations are finalized in December 2013.
The Market Implementation Committee Thursday endorsed changes to Manual 28: Operating Agreement Accounting.
Reason for change: Incorporating changes to lost opportunity cost compensation as approved by FERC.
Impacts:
PJM Contact: Suzanne Coyne
Members hit the brakes Wednesday on a proposed new product for scheduling trades between PJM and the New York ISO.
PJM officials, who had planned to ask the Market Implementation Committee to endorse the proposal, postponed a vote in order to provide answers to members’ questions.
“The devil is in the details with this product,” said Jung Suh, of retailer Noble Americas Energy Solutions, LLC. He said his company’s traders would need to review the proposed rules and procedures before he could support the change.
Under the current system, according to PJM, power often flows from PJM into New York even when PJM’s prices are higher.
The new product, Coordinated Transaction Scheduling (CTS), is intended to reduce uneconomic power flows between the two regions. Traders would be able to submit “price differential” bids that would clear when the price differences between New York and PJM exceed a threshold set by the bidder. (See PJM, NYISO Tout New Option to Improve Power Scheduling.)
Other members had questions about the impact on balancing congestion and Financial Transmission Rights and asked for data to analyze price risks.
Ed Tatum, vice president of RTO & regulatory affairs for Old Dominion Electric Cooperative also said he needed more details before he could vote. “Based on what I’ve heard, it sounds like a good idea,” he said.
How much is too much? That’s what PJM officials want to know following May’s base capacity auction, in which an unprecedented volume of external resources cleared.
In the previous four base capacity auctions, cleared imports grew from about 3,000 MW to more than 4,500 MW. In this year’s auction, cleared imports jumped to more than 7,400 MW.
“Up until the last auction I would say we were well below our limits,” Steve Herling, PJM vice president of planning, told the Planning Committee Thursday. With the latest auction, PJM officials fear imports “may have approached, or even exceeded, the amount that can be reliably supported during actual emergency conditions.”
Officials outlined a proposed problem statement to develop a methodology for determining an import limit that would be used in the planning process and applied to future auctions. The committee will be asked to endorse the problem statement at its next meeting with a goal of obtaining FERC approval in time for the May 2014 base auction.
Establishing a cap will require revisions to the Reliability Assurance Agreement, which governs procedures for maintaining system reliability.
To clear in the auction, external generators, like internal resources, must be considered deliverable, meaning the capacity isn’t bottled locally and can get to the transmission system. Resources currently need nothing more than a request for firm transmission service in the transmission queue, said Herling, “which is virtually no hurdle at all.”
Of the 7,483 MW in imports that cleared in the auction, 4,788 MW (64%) had confirmed firm transmission service from the resource into PJM. The remainder was under study. (See Capacity Auction: New Generation, Imports Up, Prices, DR down.)
PJM officials are particularly concerned because the majority of the imports in this year’s auction are coming from MISO and other points west, with very little from the north or south.
West of PJM imports nearly doubled to 7,081 MW over last year’s auction, 4,723 MW of it from MISO and areas that will be integrated into MISO by the 2016/2017 Delivery Year.
Efforts to set a cap on imports will be closely scrutinized by PJM generators, who have been dismayed by falling capacity prices. Also watching closely will be MISO officials, who have complained to FERC that PJM’s modeling of cross border transmission deliverability is unfairly limiting its generation from competing in PJM’s capacity market.
(See FERC Likely to Increase Pressure on PJM-MISO Joint Market Talks.)
PJM yesterday began inviting competitive proposals for transmission improvements to provide relief at its 25 most congested locations.
The top 25 “congestion events” are projected to cost $237.8 million in 2017 (97% of all congestion for the year), rising to $514 million (95% of the total) in 2023. Proposals for “market efficiency” projects to relieve the congestion will be accepted through Sept. 26.
The competitive solicitation is PJM’s second to be conducted under the rules of FERC Order 1000, which reduced transmission owners’ historic Rights of First Refusal and opened transmission projects to competition. See PJM Briefs TEAC on Artificial Island Proposals.
Eight of the 25 locations eligible for market efficiency projects are market-to-market (M2M) flowgates between PJM and MISO and would have to be approved by both regions. Three spots are located in Commonwealth Edison and two each in Dayton Power & Light, MetEd and PECO.
The top location on the 2017 list is the Breed 345 kV-Wheatland Power Facility 345 kV, a market-to-market line projected to bind for 3,063 hours at a cost of more than $59 million. Another M2M facility, the Pawnee 345 kV- Pawnee 138 kV transformer, is projected to bind for 4,806 hours at a cost of $34 million.
Within PJM, the top spot is the AP-South interface with Bedington-Black Oak, projected to bind for 942 hours at a cost of nearly $47 million.
In total, eight locations showed at least $20 million in congestions costs for study years 2017, 2020 or 2023.
To be considered by the PJM Board of Managers for inclusion in the Regional Transmission Expansion Plan, proposals must produce at least $1.25 in savings for every $1 in project cost.
The calculation of benefits will use PJM’s existing rules, which weigh reductions in production costs at 70% and changes in net load payments at 30%.
However, the proposals will be restudied next year, when PJM’s new benefit formula — which weights the impact on production costs and net load payments equally — takes effect. (MRC Approves New Benefit Test for Market Efficiency Projects)
PJM’s Chuck Liebold said the joint operating agreement with MISO does not require opening of a competitive window for the M2M flowgates, which he said is being done on “an experimental basis.”
PJM is setting slightly lower targets for renewable power in its 2013 Regional Transmission Expansion Plan.
PJM’s Mark Simms briefed the Transmission Expansion Advisory Committee Thursday on the three scenarios the 2013 plan will evaluate for meeting state Renewable Portfolio Standards.
The 2013 study envisions PJM generating and importing between about 38,000 and 41,000 MW of renewable power for planning year 2028, a reduction from the 2012 study, which projected up to approximately 43,000 MW in planning year 2027.
PJM spokesman Ray Dotter said the changes reflected updates to PJM’s load forecast, renewable capacity factors, and calculation methodology.
This year’s study tightens the range for the onshore wind scenarios to less than 10,000 MW (ranging from about 21,500 to 31,300) and reduces the low end of the range for offshore wind (to about 1,100 from 1,500 MW). The high end of offshore wind remains at 7,000 MW.
As in 2012, one of the scenarios envisions significant wind imports from MISO, though the amount is reduced to less than 13,000 (from 14,000 in the 2012 study), 40% of the RPS requirement for the PJM states.
Solar power is considered in all three scenarios, though in a reduced role in this year’s study, with a projected 5,600 MW, a 20% reduction from last year’s assumption.
