Page 1539 – RTO Insider

December 23, 2014

PJM Markets and Reliability Committee Briefs

The following items were approved unanimously by the Markets and Reliability Committee Thursday with little discussion or debate.

Tariff Revisions to Metered Load Aggregates

The MRC approved an alternate method for establishing bus distribution factors for zonal and residual metered load aggregates used by the day-ahead energy market. If there are technical problems that prevent PJM from obtaining the load distribution factors from the snapshot one week prior to the operating day, it will use the load distribution factors from the most recently available day of the week that the operating day falls on.

Harmonizing PJM’s Governing Documents

The committee approved an issue charge creating the Tariff Harmonization Senior Task Force, which will report to the MRC. It will be tasked with identifying and resolving inconsistencies in definitions, indemnification, limitation of liability and alternative dispute resolution procedures in the current Tariff, Operating Agreement, Reliability Assurance Agreement and Manual 35 provisions. (See Task Force Proposed to Resolve Inconsistencies in PJM Governing Documents.)

The task force is expected to deliver proposed revisions in six to 12 months.

Standards for Enhanced Inverters

The committee approved standards for inverter-based generators defined as asynchronous generation that have an Interconnection Service Agreement or a Wholesale Market Participation Agreement. The standards, which apply to Federal Energy Regulatory Commission jurisdictional inverters, regard the inverters’ provision of voltage support, reactive power, frequency response and ramp-rate control. The changes will not affect merchant transmission facilities, HVDC inverter-converter facilities or existing generation. (See Enhanced Inverters Clear MRC.)

Manual Changes

The MRC approved changes to the following manuals:

Manual 10: Pre-Scheduling Operations was updated as part of an annual review. “Local Control Center” was changed to “Transmission Owner” in the introduction. A section clarifying outage reporting requirements for facilities providing black start service was added.
Manual 14D: Generator Operational Requirements was modified to be consistent with the revised North American Electric Reliability Corp. standard VAR-002-3, which became effective Oct. 1. The revisions address notifications of status changes on automatic voltage regulators, power system stabilizers and reactive capability.
Manual 01: Control Center and Data Exchange Requirements was amended with the addition of a section regarding user agreements related to the purchase of PJMnet connections.

Compiled by Suzanne Herel

December 23, 2014

Natural Gas, Distributed Generation, Environmental Rules Highlight NYISO Strategic Plan

Concern about natural gas infrastructure is a leading theme of the NYISO 2015-2019 Strategic Plan, released Thursday.

“Growing reliance on natural gas to generate electricity, the expanding role of distributed energy resources and the potential effects of rigorous environmental regulation are key factors influencing the future of the electric system and our strategic priorities,” NYISO Board Chair Michael Bemis said in a statement.

The plan says NYISO’s efforts over the next five years will focus on:

Improving coordination between the gas pipeline delivery system and the New York bulk electric system;
Integrating demand response and distributed energy resources in collaboration with the New York State Public Service Commission’s Reforming the Energy Vision proceeding;
Improving capacity and energy price signals to promote greater fuel assurance and improved unit performance from capacity resources;
Taking advantage of interregional connectivity to lower system costs; and
Employing smart grid technology to respond to the variability of renewable resources.

December 23, 2014

ROE Talks Between MISO Industrials and TOs Collapse

By Chris O’Malley

The transmission rate dispute between MISO’s industrial customers and its transmission owners appears headed for a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission hearing after an administrative law judge recommended last week that FERC terminate settlement proceedings.

Settlement Judge Dawn E.B. Scholz said the parties had reached an impasse (EL14-12).

That clears the way for a pre-hearing conference as early as next month, according to the Organization of MISO States, whose executive committee last week discussed the status of the case.

This fall, MISO industrials filed a complaint contending that the TOs’ current base return on equity — 12.38% except for ATC, at 12.2% — is too high.

MISO industrials contend the base ROE for TOs should not exceed 9.15%, citing changes in financial markets and other factors. Industrials say the lower rate would cut transmission rates by $327 million.

Industrial representatives met with TOs several times to attempt a settlement, to no avail.

At last week’s OMS meeting, Executive Director Bill Smith estimated the case could be resolved by fall 2015.

The dispute follows FERC’s June ruling introducing a new two-step method for calculating electric utility ROEs. Ruling in a case involving New England TOs, FERC tentatively set the “zone of reasonableness” at 7.03% to 11.74%.

Plaintiffs in the MISO case include the Illinois Industrial Energy Consumers, Indiana Industrial Energy Consumers, Minnesota Large Industrial Group and Wisconsin Industrial Energy Group.

A second dispute erupted between the groups on Nov. 6. That’s when industrials, along with consumer advocates and state regulators, asked FERC to reject a request by TOs for a 50-basis point adder as an incentive for their participation in the RTO (ER15-358).

The opponents said that the adder request is an attempt to claw back some of the revenue TOs might lose if unsuccessful in the base ROE challenge. (See Consumers, Regulators Respond as New Front Opens in MISO ROE Battle.)

December 23, 2014

FERC OKs 2018 Entergy System Agreement Exit

By Chris O’Malley

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission last week conditionally accepted Entergy’s request to terminate the system agreement for its Gulf Coast operating companies beginning in 2018, but it ordered a hearing and settlement proceedings to consider the concerns of regulators in Texas and Louisiana (ER14-75 et al).

The system agreement among Entergy and its operating companies has been the basis for planning and operating its generation and transmission facilities as a single system since 1951.

After Entergy’s April 2011 announcement that it would join MISO, the Public Utility Commission of Texas said the benefits of joining the RTO would be diminished by Entergy Texas’ continued participation in the agreement and called for terminating it sooner than the eight-year notice period required by the pact. Texas regulators argued that Entergy would need no more than three years to achieve operational readiness to participate in MISO’s capacity markets.

Entergy responded by asking FERC permission for a five-year exit. For Entergy Texas that would be in October 2018; for Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Gulf States Louisiana, the withdrawal would be effective in February 2019. (Entergy Arkansas withdrew from the system agreement in December 2013; Entergy Mississippi’s withdrawal is effective in November 2015.)

The company said the original eight-year notice requirement was based on the time frame for constructing a new coal-fired generating plant. It said a five-year notice was now sufficient because that is enough time to plan and build a new gas combined-cycle unit and that the MISO capacity market provides a “backstop” for any shortfalls.

The New Orleans City Council balked, saying that it was uncertain whether all of Entergy’s operating companies would join MISO. It also said five years might not be enough to plan new generation, citing delays in the development of Entergy’s Ninemile Point Unit 6.

The Louisiana Public Service Commission, meanwhile, called for a new “modern, comprehensive tariff” addressing planning and operation of the Entergy system in the MISO market, saying it is improper for Entergy to continue operating under an “anachronistic” agreement developed before RTOs existed.

Louisiana asked FERC to consolidate proceedings concerning the notice question with dockets ER13-432 and ER14-73, which involve revisions to the system agreement related to Entergy’s entry into MISO.

The commission rejected the consolidation request, saying the factual and legal issues were too disparate to combine in a single docket.

FERC did agree to combine the six notice dockets, and it ordered appointment of a settlement judge within 15 days. If the parties cannot reach a settlement, FERC said, the case will go to a public hearing to resolve the factual disputes.

Entergy has more than 2.8 million customers in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas.

December 23, 2014June 15, 2023

FERC Bundles Entergy ‘Bandwidth’ Disputes for Hearing

By Chris O’Malley

Saying the “time is ripe,” the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has consolidated four years of Entergy Corp.’s disputed annual cost allocation cases for hearing and settlement.

At issue is how Entergy allocates production costs among its half-dozen operating companies under its system agreement. The companies essentially operate as one system, although each have different operating costs.

Each year payments are made by low-cost operating companies to the highest-cost company in the system, using a “bandwidth” remedy that ensures that no operating company has production costs more than 11% above or below the Entergy system average.

Under the 2014 bandwidth implementation — its eighth —Entergy Texas would pay $15.3 million to Entergy New Orleans.

Regulators in each state where Entergy operates have regularly challenged the annual bandwidth filings. FERC agreed Dec. 18 to review not only the 2014 filing but also Entergy’s fifth, sixth and seventh bandwidth formulas (ER14-2085).

The commission said the filings raise factual issues that it could not resolve based on the existing record. It set a refund effective date of June 1, 2014.

In Entergy’s 2014 filing, the New Orleans City Council sought a hearing to determine if Entergy’s rate calculations and accounting practices are in agreement with the bandwidth formula and previous FERC orders.

The council also raised an issue with the 2013 bandwidth filing, noting that it includes the cancellation costs of the Little Gypsy Repowering Project that a FERC judge in an initial decision (ER12-1384) excluded from the bandwidth calculation.

The Louisiana Public Service Commission, meanwhile, said it wanted a hearing to determine whether Entergy’s inputs are unjust and unreasonable due to incorrect calculations, “misapplications of the formula or imprudence.”

The Public Utility Commission of Texas also sought a hearing on the 2014 filing but asked that it be delayed until the accounting for the previous years are resolved.

“Our preliminary analysis indicates that Entergy’s proposed rates have not been shown to be just and reasonable and may be unjust, unreasonable, unduly discriminatory or preferential, or otherwise unlawful,” FERC said.

December 23, 2014June 15, 2023

FERC Orders Proceedings to Decide PJM’s Postage-Stamp Cost Allocation

By Michael Brooks

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission last week ordered settlement judge and hearing procedures to determine how costs should be allocated for PJM transmission projects of 500 kV or more that were approved before February 2013.

PJM’s “postage-stamp” cost allocation for the projects was challenged in court by the RTO’s Midwestern utilities. The method billed all PJM utilities in proportion to their load, regardless of where the projects were located.

The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals has remanded the case back to FERC twice, most recently in June. The commission had originally approved the postage-stamp method in 2007 and attempted to justify it in its order on remand. The court, however, ruled that FERC had again failed to show how a western utility would benefit as much as an eastern utility from new transmission facilities in the east. (See PJM: Court Ruling Won’t Upset ‘Hybrid’ Cost Allocation.)

In last week’s order, FERC noted the court’s criticism, saying it expects PJM and the western utilities “to support their respective proposals for cost allocations for these projects with quantitative evidence, or at least an estimate of the benefits, adjusted as necessary to reflect any uncertainty in benefit allocation among the PJM utilities.”

The case concerns 15 projects costing $2.7 billion.

FERC urged PJM and the utilities “to make every effort to settle their disputes before hearing procedures are commenced.” A settlement judge will be appointed by Jan. 2 to oversee the discussions (EL05-121-009).

PJM replaced the postage-stamp method last year with a hybrid formula that allocates half the costs using the former method, with the remaining costs allocated by a solution-based distribution factor (DFAX).

December 19, 2014June 15, 2023

PJM Seeks to Postpone Some Generation Retirements through 2015/16

By Rich Heidorn Jr.

PJM officials are seeking to postpone generation retirements — or accelerate planned new generation — to help the RTO ride through potential shortages next winter.

Officials told the Markets and Reliability Committee Thursday that they will file proposed cost allocation language with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission before the end of the year to forestall some of the estimated 9,500 MW of retirements expected next year as a result of the Environmental Protection Agency’s mercury and air toxics (MATS) rule and more than 2,000 MW being shut down by New Jersey’s High Energy Demand Day regulations.

In addition to offering reliability-must-run (RMR) compensation to delay retirements, officials said they are considering incentives to encourage some generation slated to come on line in delivery year 2016/17 to accelerate construction and launch earlier.

In total, officials said they will attempt to secure as much as 2,500 MW of generation through April 2016.

PJM Vice President for Operations Mike Kormos said the RTO is acting in light of the 22% forced outage rate from last January and uncertainty over the role of demand response in the wholesale markets.

The final amount procured will be dependent on load estimates and the projected forced outage rate for winter 2015/16 and the volume of capacity procured at the third incremental auction for the year. No demand response will be permitted to clear in that auction, officials said, because of the appellate court ruling threatening DR’s role in the wholesale markets. (See Verrilli to Seek Supreme Court Review of EPSA Ruling.)

Without such actions, Kormos said PJM estimates it would have about 2% less capacity than it had last winter, when it narrowly avoided voltage reductions or other severe actions.

“There is a cost effectiveness [consideration],” he said. “This isn’t 2,500 MW at all cost. This is an insurance policy.”

The FERC filing will seek authority to negotiate contracts with generation owners. Contracts with individual generators would be filed for FERC approval later. “We have no authority to negotiate this” currently, Kormos said.

PJM has negotiated RMR contracts when past retirements have prompted the need for transmission upgrades. The costs of those contracts were allocated over the relatively small areas benefiting from the new infrastructure.

This filing will likely seek RTO-wide cost allocation because of the broader reliability issues involved, Kormos said.

Market Monitor Joe Bowring said the costs should be limited to incremental costs of “speeding up a [new] unit or keeping [an old one] around.”

December 19, 2014

FERC Staff Seeks $30 Million Fine in Powhatan Case

By Ted Caddell and Michael Brooks

The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission issued notice Wednesday that it may seek $29.8 million in fines from hedge fund twins Rich and Kevin Gates over a PJM trading scheme that became the centerpiece of a debate over FERC enforcement policy during Commissioner Norman Bay’s confirmation process earlier this year.

FERC issued an Order to Show Cause, the next step in the enforcement process over what it called a “fraudulent scheme” by the Gates brothers, their Powhatan Energy Fund and associate Houlian “Alan” Chen to collect line-loss rebates on riskless up-to-congestion trades. It gave the accused 30 days to tell the commission why they shouldn’t be fined.

The attached enforcement staff report recommended that the parties give up more than $4.7 million in profits collected by alleged wash trades in 2011. The show cause order didn’t include that recommendation.

They can ask for a hearing or pay the fines. If the fines aren’t paid, FERC can file in U.S. District Court to collect.

FERC’s Office of Enforcement alleged that “with Powhatan’s knowledge and encouragement, Chen placed UTC trades in opposite directions on the same paths, in the same volumes, during the same hours for the purpose of creating the illusion of bona fide UTC trading and thereby to capture large amounts of” rebates.

Kevin Gates said Powhatan would respond to the allegations in the enforcement staff report, insisting that everything they did was legal. He said they seek an extension in the filing deadline.

“I still firmly believe that no violations occurred, that there were no ‘wash trades’ and no violations of any kind,” he said in an interview. “There was an economic purpose to the trades, and there were risks.”

Chen said in an interview that he is “struggling” to understand the allegations against him. “I ask myself, ‘are the type of trades we put on, the match trades, are those trades supportive [of the market]?’ And the answer is definitely ‘yes.’ They were necessary trades to provide a healthy market.”

Both he and Kevin Gates said the type of trades they undertook would have been helpful, in fact, during last winter’s polar vortex. “They would have been there to support the market at the very time the market needed them the most,” Gates said.

FERC enforcement cases usually take place quietly via letters and documents filed back and forth between parties, and they nearly always result in settlements.

But Rich and Kevin Gates have taken a much more public route fighting FERC. They hired expert witnesses, and posted video depositions and statements and reams of legal documents on their website, ferclitigation.com.

The brothers argued that Bay, who headed FERC’s Office of Enforcement during the Powhatan investigation, should recuse himself from any dealings with the case. Bay has since done so.

It appeared in October that a settlement might be in the works when the brothers took down the site. However, when FERC issued a notice on Dec. 5 that the commission was heading toward the next step, civil prosecution, the site was reactivated, and the fight was back on.

The next step was FERC’s, when on Wednesday it issued the show cause order.

At Thursday’s FERC meeting, Commissioner Phillip Moeller read a statement citing the show cause order and explaining the FERC investigation and enforcement process. Moeller took pains to say the commission has not made any final determinations, comments Gates said he found “comforting.”

“In the show cause order, the commission noted that issuance of the staff report does not indicate commission adoption or endorsement of staff’s findings,” Moeller said. “This statement reflects the commission’s long-standing practice not to pre-judge the findings made in staff reports. Instead, the commission will consider the entire record in this proceeding to determine whether the assessment of civil penalties is appropriate.”

Chairman Cheryl LaFleur was asked in a press conference after the meeting if the show cause order means the commission has reached a decision on the Gates case.

“We’ve reached the conclusion that’s reflected in our order, which is that, if you will, it rose to a level of an order to show cause to say ‘here respond to this,’ but we have not reached a conclusion as to a finding of market manipulation. We’ll make that determination presuming we get to the next stage of the case when we decide if there’s market manipulation,” LaFleur said.

LaFleur also was asked whether traders should be prosecuted when they were acting within the RTO’s rules, at the time. PJM’s rules on collecting the rebates were changed after officials recognized the loophole Powhatan was exploiting. Although UTCs don’t involve the movement of physical energy, UTC traders then had to reserve transmission service for each transaction, making them eligible for the line-loss rebates.

“Clearly the issue you identified is one of the ones that’s been debated a lot: what are the bounds of market manipulation under our regulations and we’re seeing it evolve more and more as we take on more cases,” LaFleur said.

December 17, 2014

Update: Senate Confirms Honorable to FERC

By Michael Brooks

The Senate last night confirmed Arkansas Public Service Commission Chairman Colette Honorable to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Honorable recently completed a term as president of the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners.

Honorable was nominated in August by President Obama to fill the remainder of departing Commissioner John Norris’ term, which will end in June 2017. She was confirmed unanimously by simple voice vote. Honorable was among a handful of non-controversial nominations that the Senate quickly approved before adjourning until January, making her confirmation among the last acts of the 113th Congress.

“Colette brings a wealth of experience and expertise to the important issues we are facing,” FERC Chairman Cheryl LaFleur said in a statement. “She and I worked together closely during her time as the president of NARUC, and I very much look forward to continuing that strong relationship when she joins the commission.”

The Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee voted last week to advance Honorable’s nomination to a full vote. Ranking member Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) said a majority of the committee met off the Senate floor Thursday, also voting by voice, after the committee failed to reach a quorum at its meeting the day before.

Assist from Cruz

Honorable was expected to be confirmed by the Senate this week, but only after some political kabuki by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) inadvertently expedited her nomination.

On Friday, the Senate convened to debate a $1.1 trillion omnibus spending bill, which had to be passed by Saturday night to avoid a government shutdown. Party leaders worked out a deal to pass a short-term spending bill that would fund the government through Wednesday before convening again on Monday to pass the omnibus bill.

Under the rules of the Senate, votes need to be scheduled a certain amount of time in advance, but this wait period can be waived by unanimous consent. Cruz and colleague Mike Lee of Utah, however, objected to the waiver in an effort to oppose Obama’s executive order delaying the deportation of 5 million immigrants living in the country illegally.

The move forced the Senate to stay in D.C. Saturday, infuriating members of both parties. But it also gave Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) an opportunity to push through 24 of Obama’s nominations, including Honorable’s, which were being stalled by Republicans in the hopes that they would be delayed until the GOP took over the Senate in January.

“While we wait we shouldn’t waste time,” Reid said when the Senate convened Saturday. “The Republican leader has known for weeks, if not months, that we intend to vote on the president’s nominations.”

Senators spent nearly 10 hours voting on procedural motions to advance the nominations while they waited until they could vote on the omnibus bill, which they ended up passing 56-40 Saturday night.

While the Senate was expected to take up the nominations when it reconvened on Monday, Democrats had feared that the process would take too long and some senators would leave for the holidays before all of them passed.

Reid spent most of Monday and Tuesday putting more controversial nominations to a vote, such as Obama’s pick for surgeon general Vivek Murthy, to get them confirmed before the Senate adjourned and Republicans take over in January. While Honorable would have likely been confirmed next year, Cruz’s maneuver guaranteed that she would be confirmed this week and not have to be advanced by the Energy Committee again next year.

Honorable had received praise from members of both parties at her Dec. 4 confirmation hearing. (See FERC Nominee Colette Honorable Gets Bipartisan Support at Senate Hearing.)

Farewell to Landrieu

The committee met on Wednesday to vote on Honorable’s nomination, but it spent most of its 20-minute business meeting complimenting and thanking outgoing Chairman Mary Landrieu (D-La.) for her service. It adjourned when Landrieu announced it had failed to reach a quorum.

Landrieu lost her bid for re-election earlier this month in a runoff vote against Republican Bill Cassidy, who represents Louisiana’s 6th district in the U.S. House. Murkowski, Landrieu’s likely replacement as chair, said her Democratic colleague has been a “true leader” on energy issues.

Landrieu focused “on the things that are not only important to the people of Louisiana but for the people of this country,” Murkowski told her. “I am very, very grateful for what you have given the United States Senate, for what you have given your state and for what you’ve given to the American people.”

Sens. Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.), Joe Manchin (D-W.Va.), Al Franken (D-Minn.), Ron Wyden (D-Ore.) and Rob Portman (R-Ohio) also offered their appreciation and support for Landrieu. Franken noted that as a former comedian, he would mostly miss Landrieu’s “infectious” laugh.

December 16, 2014

Transmission Outage, Cold Causes Price Spike on Long Island

Power prices briefly spiked above $1,000/MWh on Long Island Wednesday due to a combination of cold weather and an unplanned transmission outage.

The price jolt occurred around noon and lasted for only a few minutes when the East Garden City Bank #2 line failed due to equipment issues between 10:45 a.m. and 2 p.m., according to NYISO spokesman David Flanagan.

The Long Island Zone K jumped to about $1,102/MWh. The adjacent Zone J, in New York City, remained at about $33/MWh.

The Zone K day-ahead forecast was for 2,450 MW from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., but real-time demand was 2,550 MW.