Amid increasing concern over threats to the nation’s power grid, the North American Electric Reliability Corp. last week ran a rigorous, two-day drill that simulated terrorist attacks.
“There were cyberattacks on corporate computers, infiltration of transmission systems and substations, explosives and shootings,” NERC CEO Gerry Cauley said in a press briefing Thursday, the final day of GridEx III. The exact scenarios were kept secret.
Cauley said that about 10,000 people at 315 organizations — electric generators, transmission companies, law enforcement, and local, state and federal government agencies — participated in or monitored the drill.
GridEx II, in 2013, drew 234 organizations and an estimated 3,000 participants. The first sector-wide grid security exercise was held in November 2011.
While details on the drills are kept close to the vest by NERC and the participants, a public report, expected out in January, will detail what the grid operators faced and how they fared.
The GridEx II report noted that the drill included simultaneous physical and cyberattacks. It laid out the “lessons learned” and recommendations, including efforts to enhance information sharing.
It also recommended expanding the capabilities and role of the industry group that coordinates with federal agencies on grid threats, the Electricity Sub-sector Coordinating Council.
Southern Co. CEO Tom Fanning, the head of ES-CC, said planning for the exercise began more than a year and a half ago and was essentially complete before the terrorist attacks in Paris on Nov. 13. So, although Fanning and his colleagues were in constant contact with federal counterparts after the attacks, they did not have an effect on this year’s drill.
That, he said, is an example of how grid operators must use current events to keep up with evolving threats. “The threat is ever changing,” Fanning said. “We know we have to continually anticipate the threat and adapt our own strategy. Being perfect here is an aspiration. We know we are always going to have to get better.”
“We are acutely aware of the recent events [in Paris] and the heightened urgency,” Cauley said. However, he said, “we have intentionally not built that into the exercises.”
This year’s drill was intentionally challenging, if not overwhelming, Cauley said. “It is a national exercise, and includes Canada and observers from Mexico,” he said. “The cyber vectors that we used started early [Wednesday] with attacks on public Internet and customer sites. We want to make sure this is not day-to-day stuff; it is rare,” he said. “We wanted to test the system.”
“There are cyberattacks in coordination with physical attacks, combined with trucks, and shootings to create some kind of enduring damage,” Cauley said. “This is not to be a simple, easy, one-day or two-day recovery.”
Cauley said cyberattacks have a bigger role in GridEx III than they did in previous exercises. Recently, there have been several public conversations about grid’s vulnerability to such attacks. Broadcaster Ted Koppel has been on a tour promoting his controversial book, “Lights Out,” about the grid’s vulnerability. Earlier this fall, a British think tank released a report asserting that U.S. nuclear power plants are at risk from cyberattacks. London-based Chatham House said the “risk of serious cyberattack on civil nuclear infrastructure is growing” because of its reliance on commercial “off-the-shelf” software.
“There are methods and tactics that exist to cause control systems to cause damage to equipment,” Cauley acknowledged. “But as a practical matter, it is very, very difficult to carry out” a successful cyberattack on security-hardened grid facilities.
NERC, grid operators and all other sectors of the industry continue to assess threats and react to them, Fanning said. “I think we are the only industry with mandatory critical infrastructure protection” against cyberattacks, he said. “What we are trying to do here is go beyond the requirement.”
FERC last week released its annual Enforcement Report, noting that it had opened 19 new investigations and closed 22 others with settlements or no action in fiscal year 2015. Settlements resulted in more than $26 million in civil penalties and disgorgement of $1 million in unjust profits. The biggest settlements were over the 2011 Southwest power outage that left more than 5 million people without power for up to 12 hours.
Enforcement staff is currently seeking recovery of more than a $500 million in civil penalties and disgorgement through federal court and administrative litigation.
The commission spent about $316 million during the fiscal year, an increase of almost $9 million over FY 2014. Three-quarters of spending was on salaries and benefits for 1,456 full-time equivalents, according to its annual financial report to Congress, which also was issued last week.
FERC approved two reliability rules proposed by the North American Electric Reliability Corp.:
One order approves reliability standards EOP-011-1 (Emergency Operations) and PRC-010-1 (Undervoltage Load Shedding) (RM15-7, RM15-12, RM15-13). It also includes a revised definition of the term “remedial action scheme” and eliminates use of the term special protection system. NERC said the two had previously been used interchangeably, resulting in ambiguity.
The second approves Transmission Operations (TOP) and Interconnection Reliability Operations and Coordination (IRO) reliability standards (RM15-16). The commission said the revised standards are more precise and clarify the delineation of responsibilities between applicable entities while eliminating gaps and ambiguities. Eight current TOP standards were compressed into three. FERC ordered NERC to revise the standards within 18 months to include transmission operator monitoring of non-Bulk Electric System facilities; specify that data exchange capabilities include redundancy and diverse routing; and require testing of alternate or less frequently used data exchange capabilities.
Rehearing Denied on e-Tag Access
FERC denied rehearing in its 2012 order (Order 771) granting the commission, RTOs, ISOs and their market monitoring units’ access to electronic tags (e-Tags) used to schedule transmission (RM11-12-001). The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association, the Edison Electric Institute and Southern Co. filed rehearing requests, while Open Access Technology International filed a request for clarification. Before the 2012 order, RTOs could only access e-Tags for interchange transactions that flowed into, out of or across their footprints.
WILMINGTON, Del. — A Tariff change endorsed by stakeholders last week will allow PJM to release Base Capacity resources to reflect the Capacity Performance resources it acquired in the transition auction for the 2016/17 delivery year.
PJM procured more than 4,200 MW of new capacity in that auction in August.
The resources would be sold in the third incremental auction for the delivery year, which is set for February. (See “Tariff Change Would Allow PJM to Sell Excess Capacity for 2016/17” in PJM Markets and Reliability & Members Committee Briefs.)
PJM Assistant General Counsel Jen Tribulski said PJM would seek a waiver from releasing capacity if FERC ordered the removal of demand response from the capacity market before the third incremental auction as a result of a Supreme Court ruling upholding the Electric Power Supply Association’s challenge to FERC’s jurisdiction over DR.
Although the lower court ruling specifically addressed DR in the energy market, some legal experts believe a ruling against FERC would also apply to capacity.
If it ruled in such a manner after the auction but before the start of the 2016/17 delivery year in June, or after the delivery year started but with a retroactive clause, PJM would need to repurchase at least 4,000 MW. This could result in a net cost increase.
If FERC removed DR from the capacity market after the delivery year and did not make the order retroactive, no further action would be necessary. The same holds true if FERC removed DR only from the energy market.
Market Monitor Joe Bowring questioned why PJM would release the capacity at all, given the contingencies and the potential of incurring additional cost.
“It’s not prudent to hold on to those megawatts when we can give value back to the load with megawatts we don’t need,” Tribulski said.
Higher IRM for Next Three Delivery Years Endorsed
With one “no” vote and 27 abstentions, the Members Committee approved an increase in PJM’s Installed Reserve Margin.
The IRM is used in the Reliability Pricing Model capacity auctions. The Reserve Requirement Study increased the IRM for the 2016/17 delivery year to 16.4% from 15.5%. IRMs also rose for the following two delivery years.
In previous discussions at lower committees, stakeholders had expressed confusion over why the IRM was increasing at the same time the Capacity Performance model is being implemented. (See “IRM, FPR Rising; PJM Methodology Challenged” in PJM Planning Committee Briefs.)
On Thursday, PJM’s Tom Falin said that Capacity Performance on its own does not result in a lower IRM because the Reserve Requirement Study always has been conducted under the assumption that generators will perform at the CP level.
“CP is changing the market rules to match the assumption we’ve always made in the study,” he said.
Finance Committee, Sector Whips, Members Committee Vice Chair Elected
Members elected the following:
Finance Committee (three-year terms)
End Use Customers: David Evrard, Pennsylvania Office of the Consumer Advocate
Generation Owners: Michelle Greening, Talen Energy
Other Suppliers: Marguerite Miller, Credit Suisse
Transmission Owners: Jim Benchek, FirstEnergy
Sector Whips (one-year term)
Electric Distributors: Steve Lieberman, Old Dominion Electric Cooperative
End Use Customers: Susan Bruce, PJM Industrial Customer Coalition
Generation Owners: Joe Kerecman, Calpine
Other Suppliers: Katie Guerry, EnerNOC
Transmission Owners: Jodi Moskowitz, Public Service Enterprise Group
FERC last week rejected a request by consumer advocates that it force PJM to update its 2015 peak load forecast using recent modeling enhancements to prevent over-procurement of resources in this year’s capacity auctions.
“While there will inevitably be some difference between PJM’s load forecast and the amount of capacity that PJM ultimately needs in a given delivery year, the record indicates that PJM has taken steps to ensure the reasonableness of the 2015 load forecast, including making a statistical adjustment based on a percentage of error it had seen in the load forecast over recent years, to account for the effects of energy efficiency programs,” the commission said (EL15-83). “The mere fact that PJM is working on a revised forecast methodology does not render the prior one unjust and unreasonable.”
(Click to zoom.)
The complaint was filed in June by a group that included industrial customers, environmental organizations, state regulators and consumer advocates. It said that using updated methodology released by PJM in December would reduce the peak load forecast for 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19 by at least 7,000 MW, potentially saving consumers more than $600 million. (See Model Change Results in Lower Load Forecast for PJM.)
PJM responded that the revised forecasting model would not be complete and ready for use until November, after the Base Residual Auction and transition auctions had been held. It was approved by PJM’s Markets and Reliability Committee last week. (See related story, MRC Briefs.)
Last week’s order denied the consumers’ request that the auctions be delayed — a moot point since they have already occurred.
The commission also rejected the complainants’ request that PJM be compelled to reinstate a 2.5% “holdback” that was eliminated in FERC’s approval of the new Capacity Performance product.
“The commission specifically found in the Capacity Performance order that the holdback was not necessary to address load forecast errors,” FERC said. “The issue of whether it is appropriate to remove the 2.5% holdback is currently pending on rehearing of the Capacity Performance order and will be addressed in that proceeding.”
The commission required RTOs to revise their day-ahead market schedules in coordination with the new pipeline schedules or show why changes were unnecessary.
The commission approved PJM’s schedule change effective March 31 (ER15-2260 and EL14-24).
FERC also accepted compliance filings by NYISO (EL14-26) and ISO-NE (EL14-23), saying they had justified retaining their existing schedules, with day-ahead deadlines of 5 a.m. and 10 a.m., respectively.
FERC on Thursday issued orders that seek to increase the supply of regulation service and reactive power.
Wind generators would no longer be exempt from responsibility for providing reactive power under a FERC Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (RM16-1).
The commission also issued a final rule to allow generators to sell primary frequency response service at market-based rates (RM15-2).
The wind order would require that pro forma large and small generator interconnection agreements eliminate the reactive power exemption for wind. The requirement also would apply to generators making upgrades that require new interconnection requests.
Reactive power is essential for controlling system voltage.
Comments on the proposal will be due 60 days after publication in the Federal Register.
The frequency response order is intended to promote competition to meet increased demand for the service due to the Frequency Response and Frequency Bias Setting Reliability Standard (BAL-003-1), which will require balancing authorities to meet a minimum frequency response obligation effective April 1, 2016. (See FERC to OK 3rd Party Sales of Frequency Response.)
The order defines primary frequency response service as a resource standing by to provide autonomous, pre-programmed changes in output to counter large changes in frequency until dispatched resources can take over to return the system to 60 hertz.
Although most balancing authorities will be able to use their own resources to meet the standard, FERC said some may choose to purchase the service.
Generators selling the service under market- or cost-based rates must report their sales in their Electric Quarterly Reports. The rule will take effect 90 days after publication in the Federal Register.
FERC last week reversed an administrative law judge’s 2013 finding preventing Entergy from including the costs from an abandoned repowering project in the company’s allocation of costs to its operating companies.
Judge Philip Baten in June 2013 rejected efforts by Entergy Services and the Louisiana Public Service Commission (LPSC) to pass on to ratepayers through its “bandwidth formula” $200 million in canceled costs from the $1.8 billion Little Gypsy repowering project (ER12-1384-001, et al).
FERC’s Nov. 20 ruling said Baten’s reading of a provision in Entergy’s system agreement was “unreasonably narrow.” It said adopting his interpretation would negate the inclusion in the bandwidth formula of other production-related costs that were just and reasonable, and found Entergy’s proposal to include Little Gypsy cancellation costs in the bandwidth formula consistent with the system agreement.
Entergy uses its bandwidth formula to allocate production costs among its half dozen operating companies under its system agreement. Payments are made annually by low-cost operating companies to the highest-cost company in the system, using a bandwidth remedy that ensures no operating company has production costs more than 11% above or below the Entergy system average.
FERC also reversed Baten in including the project’s cancellation costs in the bandwidth formula as being “consistent with the purpose of the bandwidth remedy.” It disagreed that the inclusion of the costs “would constitute a landmark policy shift for the Entergy system,” as Baten had said, noting that the commission had already determined the propriety then-current version of the system agreement.
The commission disagreed with the initial ruling and interventions by the Arkansas and Mississippi regulatory commissions, which argued the cancellation costs should be considered “construction work in progress” and excluded from the bandwidth formula. Noting that Entergy had securitized the cancellation costs, FERC found them to be production costs “and, therefore, “the kinds of costs that are appropriate for inclusion in the bandwidth formula.”
At the same time, FERC affirmed Baten’s decision that the repowering project met the needs of the Entergy System “as a whole,” and not just regional needs. It rejected the Mississippi Public Service Commission’s allegation that the LPSC “avoided cost responsibility for its ratepayers” by approving the project’s cancellation, rather than require it be completed.
The commission also sided with the judge in ruling that the LPSC had failed to provide sufficient evidence backing its complaint that his ruling was discriminatory.
The Little Gypsy project would have converted an old gas-fired generator on the Mississippi River west of New Orleans into a petroleum-coke burner. Entergy cited the shale-gas boom and resultant drop in natural gas prices in suspending the project in 2009. It wasn’t until 2011 that the LPSC officially canceled the project and granted cost recovery.
The first call, which was hampered by poor sound quality, focused on the regulatory framework and the CPP’s impact. Several public speakers indicated they had not yet formed a position.
Future calls will discuss the federal plan’s structure, the mass-based implementation approach and the rate-based implementation approach. A face-to-face meeting will be scheduled in early January.
United Illuminating will start work next spring on a microgrid that will allow municipal buildings in the Town of Woodbridge to operate independently of the grid, powered by a 2.2-MW fuel cell.
The centerpiece of the microgrid is a fuel cell that under normal conditions will generate power for the regional electric market. But if the grid fails, the generator will provide power to town hall, the library, the fire station, the police department, the public works department, a senior center and a high school.
The fuel cell, to be owned by UI, will be manufactured by Danbury-based Fuel Cell Energy and will be located on the grounds of Amity Regional High School. Waste heat from the fuel cell will be captured to produce domestic hot water and to heat the school.
Probe: Did Execs Mislead ICC About Ballooning Project Costs?
Madigan
The Commerce Commission will investigate whether executives involved in the $5.7 billion buyout of Peoples Gas failed to disclose the escalating costs of a massive pipe-replacement program during merger proceedings.
The probe grew out of a Sept. 30 auditor’s report that said Peoples Gas executives knew in January, well before they testified before the commission in May, that the estimated cost of replacing 2,000 miles of aging Chicago gas mains had nearly doubled to more than $8 billion.
While the commission dismissed Attorney General Lisa Madigan’s petition asking for a wide-ranging investigation, it will permit her to present other evidence of suspected misrepresentations. The gas utility’s new owner, WEC Energy Group, is expected to propose cost-cutting measures to the ICC this month.
Rock Island Line Stalls as Landowners Turn down Easement Offers
The proposed Rock Island Clean Line that would transmit 3,500 MW of wind power has hit a roadblock after the developer failed to secure easements from a large number of landowners along its route.
Clean Line Energy Partners told the Utilities Board to halt its technical review of the project while the company considers “whether and how to proceed.” Clean Line has secured easements from just 176 of the 1,540 parcels needed for a route that crosses 16 counties, according to the Preservation of Rural Iowa Alliance, an opposition group.
Landowners say delays in the transmission line’s progress has cast a cloud over potential real estate deals and development along the proposed route. A lawmaker says he intends to introduce a bill to establish a deadline for completing the collection of voluntary easements. The bill will also stipulate that a transmission developer cannot exert eminent domain until at least 80-85% of affected landowners voluntarily grant easements.
Construction to Begin on State’s Largest Solar-Powered Site
Construction is expected to begin this month on the state’s largest solar-powered generating facility, according to Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities.
The 10-MW solar farm will consist of about 45,000 photovoltaic panels erected on 50 acres at the E.W. Brown Generating Station, a Mercer County coal and gas plant owned by the two utilities, which are subsidiaries of PPL.
The $36 million facility is expected to generate 19 GWh of energy, enough to power 1,500 homes, when it starts operating in the late spring.
Toyota Plant Supplements Power with Methane from Dump
A Toyota manufacturing plant in Georgetown is tapping into the energy trapped in a landfill to generate power. Toyota officials said the system that captures and burns landfill methane is capable of producing 1 MW currently but can be upgraded to produce 10 MW.
The automaker has installed a generator at the Central Kentucky Landfill that will send power to its plant via a 6-mile transmission line.
There are 645 landfill methane projects operating across the nation with a capacity to produce 2,066 MW, according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s Landfill Methane Outreach Program.
Kentucky Utilities and Louisville Gas & Electric have filed requests to each install 10 new electric vehicle charging stations. Under the filing with the Public Service Commission, the utilities propose that the full cost of charging stations will be borne by those who request the stations or who use the charging service.
More than 15,000 EVs have been registered in the past five years in Kentucky, where there are about 30 public charging stations. The Electric Power Research Institute recently published a report that indicates interest in EVs is growing.
Home and small-business customers of Central Maine Power who buy electricity through the utility’s standard offer will see slightly lower rates in 2016. The Public Utilities Commission has accepted a bid for energy supply that is 3.7% lower than last year’s average, which will translate to savings of $1.35/month on a typical residential bill.
According to the commission, energy supply rates will dip to 6.46 cents/kWh next year from 6.71 cents currently. About 40% of the utility’s customers receive the standard offer rather than buying power from a competitive supplier.
“The standard offer prices set this week reflect the best bids received in a strongly competitive auction process,” said Mark Vannoy, PUC chairman. “We are pleased that prices remain stable or slightly decreasing, allowing retail customers and businesses to benefit from recent downward trends in energy markets that have been reflected in New England wholesale prices.”
The environmental group Food & Water Watch has launched a campaign to force legislators to remove chicken manure as a resource from its renewable portfolio standards.
Poultry farms in the state produce more than 650 million pounds of chicken manure annually. As an incentive to keep the waste out of the Chesapeake Bay, legislators in 2011 added the waste to the RPS, in the same top-tier category as solar and wind.
However, few chicken-manure methane capture projects have materialized, and environmentalists say that burning the manure produces toxic chemicals.
Public Service Commission staff have drafted regulations that would allow residents to subscribe to a community solar energy generation system through a pilot program.
The public may submit comments until Dec. 4. The commission will consider the regulations at its Dec. 14 meeting.
Community solar projects, which may appeal to customers who are unable to install rooftop solar, would be permitted up to 2 MW in size.
House, Senate at Stalemate on Solar Incentives, Caps
Lawmakers failed to complete a deal to update the state’s solar incentives before wrapping up for the year. Leaders appointed a conference committee to hammer out a deal that could delay any agreement at least until formal sessions resume in January.
The sticking point is cost. The House’s proposal would significantly curb the state’s net metering credits once the state hits a target of 1,600 MW, while a Senate bill was considered to be more generous to the solar industry.
The law now caps the amount of net metering credits allowed in a particular utility’s system. Those caps have already been reached in National Grid’s territory for non-residential projects, delaying a number of installations. Both the House and Senate bills would increase the caps.
Clean Line to Appeal for Approval on Grain Belt Express
Clean Line Energy will again try to convince the Public Service Commission to approve the Grain Belt Express transmission line that would carry wind-generated electricity from Kansas through Missouri and Illinois to Indiana.
State regulators, who rejected the a certificate of need for the project in July by a 3-2 vote, are the last remaining hurdle for the $2 billion 780-mile transmission line, which was recently approved by Illinois utility regulators. A certificate of need would allow Clean Line to acquire property through eminent domain.
Landowners who oppose the line are also seeking to block the project.
Group Tries Using Farming Law to Stop Mark Twain Tx Line
Opponents of Ameren’s proposed 100-mile Mark Twain transmission line are challenging the project on the grounds that it would allegedly violate the state’s recently enacted “right-to-farm” amendment. The line would deliver wind power from the Iowa border to the grid, according to Ameren.
The group, called Neighbors United Against Ameren’s Power Line, contends that the project would “permanently remove citizens’ property from production and prevent these citizen farmers and ranchers from engaging in farming and/or ranching practices.”
The Public Service Commission rejected the group’s motion to dismiss Ameren’s application for a certificate of necessity, but it said the amendment could still potentially be used in a court challenge. Ameren told the commission that the argument advanced by the activists is “patently absurd” because it would potentially outlaw “every single new electric line, gas line, water line, sewer line” that would “take any farm land whatsoever out of production.”
New Jersey Natural Gas has asked the Board of Public Utilities to increase rates by $148 million, which it says it needs to upgrade its infrastructure.
The increase would boost a typical customer’s bill by about 24%, or about $236 more a year.
The utility says that wholesale natural gas prices are dropping, so it needs to increase delivery rates to make up the difference in revenue. The rate-increase request is the company’s first since 2007.
Two wind farms being built for $430 million are nearing completion. Construction was delayed because of excessive winds.
Contractor Cielo Wind Power, which manages the projects, said the wind created some problems in the last two months for construction crews, but employees have been able to make up for most of the setbacks by working weekends and other off days.
The Roosevelt Wind Project’s 125 turbines are already energized. The Milo Wind Project, which includes 25 wind turbines, is not yet operating. Roosevelt’s 250 MW is committed to Xcel Energy and Milo’s 50 MW of energy will be sold on SPP’s open market.
The Cuomo administration is urging the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to deny Entergy’s applications to extend the licenses of two reactors at the Indian Point Energy Center.
“Allowing Entergy to operate these facilities for another 20 years puts the lives of too many New Yorkers at risk,” wrote Jim Malatras, director of state operations. He said the plant’s location near New York City “makes it absolutely impossible to have an effective safety and evacuation plan.”
The administrative law judges of the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board are currently hearing testimony on the request.
Bald Eagles Given Consideration in Wind Farm Development
The Public Service Commission has approved a 100-MW, 59-turbine wind farm on 15,000 acres near the Canadian border. The $175 million project’s developer, Rolette Power Development, agreed to several concessions to minimize the wind farm’s impact on bald eagles.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service determined that there were no eagle nests in the project area, but it did find nests nearby. Rolette amended its application “to allow for various stipulations to minimize impact on the birds.” The company pledged to remove dead livestock and roadkill from the site so as not to attract eagles.
The University of Pittsburgh has received a $2.5 million grant to research ways to shift the grid from alternating current technology to direct current, reviving the 19th Century “War of Currents” between George Westinghouse and Thomas Edison over which type of power transmission would dominate.
“Very few items today require three-phase alternating current,” said researcher Greg Reed, who founded and runs the university’s Direct Current Architecture for Modern Power Systems program.
“The use and development of today’s evolving energy mix, which includes more DC resources such as solar photovoltaics, as well as electric vehicles and battery storage systems, also makes transition to DC more sensible and viable for future power-delivery needs.”
The Public Utilities Commission does not consider many new wind projects, as a state law exempts wind farms that produce less than 100 MW from having to get a permit.
So the PUC on Nov. 12 had the rare opportunity to approve the 103-MW Willow Creek wind farm. It was the first wind project for the two newest commissioners, Chris Nelson and Kristie Fiegen. They joined the remaining commissioner, long-time member Gary Hanson, in approving the proposal by Colorado-based Wind Quarry.
Wind Quarry intends to erect 45 turbines, each 440-feet tall, across three townships in Butte County. The project would connect with a Western Area Power Administration transmission line.
Old Dominion Electric Cooperative selected Hecate Energy to build two solar projects in Northampton and Clarke counties.
The Cherrydale project, in Northampton, is expected to deliver about 20 MW. The Clarke County project will produce about 10 MW. They are expected to be in service by the end of 2016.
Leesburg entrepreneur Karen Schaufeld is developing what is thought to be the state’s largest privately funded solar array on her 63-acre farm in an effort to create a community-based grid.
She wants to develop a model of solar power that is less expensive and more efficient than the power offered by Dominion.
The practice is called Agriculture Net Metering, and Schaufeld’s project is expected to generate more than 450 kW.
Dominion Resources said last week it plans to invest $11.7 billion over the next six years in capital projects, including new generating plants, transmission lines, a gas pipeline and environmental cleanup.
About half the spending is targeted for the state, where the projects are expected to make an economic impact of $1.68 billion annually.
Only one project on the list, a gas-fired generator in Brunswick County, has been approved. Others are at various stages of development.
PSC Considers WPS Hike Request, Cuts Rates for Electric and Gas Instead
Wisconsin Public Service may regret the day it filed a request with the Public Service Commission to raise electric rates by 9.7% and natural gas rates by 2.7%.
On Thursday the commission voted to cut the utility’s electric rates by 0.7% and to reduce gas prices by almost 2%. An average residential electric bill will decrease from $80.93 to $80.80, and the typical gas bill will drop from $53.93 to $52.84.
The commission did approve a $2 increase in the utility’s fixed monthly charge for electric customers, bringing it to $21 from $19. WPS had asked the customer charge to be set at $25.
FERC said last week that three Berkshire Hathaway Energy utilities that plan to join CAISO’s energy imbalance market (EIM) failed to demonstrate a lack of market power.
The order — one of four the commission issued regarding the ISO’s expansion plans — said market power analyses by PacifiCorp and NV Energy’s Nevada Power and Sierra Pacific Power were deficient (ER15-2281, et al.).
The order also noted the commission’s concerns regarding the ability of CAISO to mitigate the companies’ market power. It said the Berkshire Hathaway companies must offer units participating in the EIM at or below each unit’s default energy bid. It also required the companies to cooperate with CAISO’s enforcement of internal transmission constraints in the PacifiCorp and NV Energy balancing authority areas.
The commission also granted CAISO’s request to include in its local market power mitigation procedures transfer constraints between the NV Energy balancing authority area and the CAISO and PacifiCorp East balancing authority areas (ER15-2272).
A third order approved CAISO’s proposed readiness requirements for entities joining the EIM (ER15-861-004). The order also accepts CAISO’s proposed thresholds for measuring the entity’s readiness and its process for granting exceptions to the thresholds.
Another order accepted the ISO’s proposal regarding modeling unscheduled flows and enforcement of physical flow limits on its interties (ER14-2017-001).
Justice Department, EFH Settle on NM Uranium Mines
The Justice Department has reached a settlement with Energy Future Holdings over claims the company’s bankruptcy could leave taxpayers on the hook for millions of dollars to clean up long-shuttered uranium mines in northwest New Mexico that one of its subsidiaries inherited.
An attorney for EFH, which primarily owns utilities and power generation assets, announced a “settlement in principal” in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Wilmington, Del., on Nov. 19.
EPA Settles with Pa., W.Va. Natural Gas Processing Plant Operators
Elkhorn Investments and Elkhorn Gas Processing will pay a $50,221 penalty under a settlement with the Environmental Protection Agency for alleged violations at five natural gas processing plants in Pennsylvania and another in West Virginia.
The plants, in McKean, Warren and Putnam counties, have come into compliance with risk management and safety requirements, EPA said. The violations occurred under two separate sections of the Clean Air Act.
Entergy officially notified the Nuclear Regulatory Commission that it intends to close the James A. FitzPatrick Nuclear Power Plant in New York by early 2017 “due to the current continued deteriorating economics of the facility.”
New York officials had held out hope that they could convince Entergy to keep the plant on Lake Ontario open, even after Entergy made a public announcement that it intended to shut it down. (See Entergy Closing FitzPatrick Nuclear Plant in New York). Entergy, in keeping with a requirement to notify NRC promptly of any decisions, told the agency that it does, indeed, intend to shut down the plant near Oswego.
“Entergy and state officials worked very hard over the past two months to reach a constructive and mutually beneficial agreement to avoid a shutdown, but were unsuccessful,” said Entergy spokeswoman Tammy Holden.
Sens. Against EPA Rules Got Big Contributions from Coal
Manchin
The 52 U.S. senators who voted last week to scrap two controversial Environmental Protection Agency regulations that would affect coal interests accepted an average of $75,802 in campaign contributions from coal interest groups, according to a CNBC review of public records.
Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, a Kentucky Republican, accepted $350,000 in campaign contributions since 2009. Sen. Joe Manchin of West Virginia, another state where coal is king, has accepted nearly $500,000 from coal groups since 2009.
Manchin is unapologetic. “The president’s energy agenda has had a crushing impact on West Virginia and other energy states,” he said in a statement released last week.
DOE Awards $800K to Penn State to Study Nuke Waste
The Energy Department is sending $800,000 to Pennsylvania State University researchers who are trying to find ways to isolate and strip cesium and strontium from nuclear waste, according to Hojong Kim, assistant professor of materials science and engineering at the university.
“Alkali and alkaline-earth elements are very strong and reactive metals, so it is hard to separate them from other elements,” Kim said. “Cesium and strontium have a relatively short half-life — about 30 years — so they produce the highest amount of heat in the short term of all radioactive elements created through nuclear fission.”
A group of House Democrats is investigating whether oil and coal companies have lied to the public about climate change.
The lawmakers said they were prompted to action by recent news reports that Exxon Mobil knew as early as the 1970s that oil and natural gas cause global warming but later emphasized doubt about the science. The lawmakers want to see if other companies have a similar history.
Reps. Ted Lieu (D-Calif.) and Peter Welch (D-Vt.) are asking colleagues to sign letters that will be sent to Chevron, Exxon Mobil, ConocoPhillips, BP, Royal Dutch Shell and Peabody Energy to ask what the companies knew about global warming and when they knew it.
Exelon’s Byron Nuclear Station Renewal Application OK’d by NRC
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission has approved Exelon’s request for 20-year extensions to the operating licenses of the two units at Byron Generating Station in Illinois.
Exelon, however, said it has not made a final decision on whether or not it will continue to operate the economically challenged plants for another five years, let alone 20. The energy giant has said that Byron is losing money, and without government incentives it may be forced to shutter the plant.
It said a decision on the plant’s future has been deferred for at least another year.
NRC Issues EIS for Possible Fourth Reactor at Artificial Island
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission issued the environmental impact statement on a possible fourth reactor to be built on the grounds of Public Service Enterprise Group’s Salem and Hope Creek nuclear stations.
NRC found no major environmental barriers to building a reactor on the site, where three nuclear reactors currently operate. PSEG submitted the EIS in 2010 for a possible new nuclear plant but says it has no immediate plans to go forward with the project.
“We don’t have any plans right now with the economics [being what they are],’’ said Joseph Delmar, a spokesman for PSEG Nuclear, which operates Salem I and II and Hope Creek reactors on Artificial Island in the Delaware Bay. “It doesn’t make sense.”
WILMINGTON, Del. — The Markets and Reliability Committee last week delayed a vote on proposed manual changes over concerns that they could restrict energy efficiency participation in the capacity market. Members requested an additional education session on the issue.
The revisions aim to prevent EE resources from being counted both as capacity resources and as reductions in the load forecast. PJM proposes to use an add-back mechanism to accommodate continued EE participation when a new load forecast model is adopted.
Energy efficiency resources may be used to replace the commitment of a similar resource because such commitments would have been accounted for by the add-back. However, when it comes to using EE resources to replace non-EE capacity resources, they would be limited to the difference between the add-back of the third incremental auction for a delivery year and the cleared quantity of energy efficiency resources in that same auction.
“The concern is that the add-back might be greater than what might clear,” said Jeff Bastian, manager of capacity market operations.
Several members expressed concern that the eligibility requirements outlined in the changes restrict the time periods that EE resources may offer.
“I have an issue regarding the eligibility and the way EE is treated as a capacity resource. It becomes ineligible in the same year that it cleared in the [Base Residual Auction],” said Carl Johnson, representing the PJM Public Power Coalition. “I struggle to think of a resource that is ineligible depending on when it is offered in.”
“The resource is unique in that it can get buried in the load forecast,” explained Stu Bresler, PJM senior vice president for markets. “We’re doing everything we can to preserve EE as [a Reliability Pricing Model] option. The other option is to not include it in the auction.”
Bruce Campbell of EnergyConnect said he opposed the changes.
“I think it’s a really dangerous path to go down to say we’re not going to let resources participate as RPM resources because it will make our forecast look bad,” he said. “That’s just wrong.”
Responded Bresler: “The bottom line is if we don’t include it in the load forecast three years ahead, we miss the chance, and it’s been rolled in by the time that year comes around.”
The educational session on the revisions proposed for Manual 18: PJM Capacity Market and Manual 18B: Energy Efficiency Measurement & Verification is tentatively scheduled for Dec. 9.
Members Approve Manual Changes
Members endorsed the following manual changes:
Manual 01: Control Center and Data Exchange Requirements. Adds requirements and changes terminology to be consistent with North American Electric Reliability Corp. standards. Adds two communications requirements: voice communications between transmission owners and distribution providers in the transmission owner area, and between transmission owners and generator operators. Adds term “interpersonal communication” for voice communication. Identifies satellite telephones as preferred method of communication. New section requires that communication failures lasting 30 or more minutes be reported within 60 minutes of detection. Makes minor edits for clarity. Removes dated reference to “floppy disk.”
Manual 03: Transmission Operations. Changes resulting from bi-annual review include project updates, edits and reorganization of sections. Updates generator voltage schedule to define coordination. Changes will be implemented Dec. 1.
Manual 12: Balancing Operations. Updates due to new instantaneous reserve check implementation. Eliminates mention of MISO as the interconnection time monitor. Replaces the term “supplemental reserve” with “secondary reserve.” Changes will be implemented Dec. 1.
Manual 13: Emergency Operations. Updates day-ahead scheduling reserve requirement to 5.7% from 5.93% for Reliability First Corp. effective Jan. 1. Other changes made for consistency. Removes requirement that generators connected below 230 kV participate in voltage reduction.
Manual 14B: PJM Regional Transmission Planning Process. Changes reflect new process of considering energy market uplift in development of the Regional Transmission Expansion Plan.
New Load Forecast Model, Related Manual Changes Adopted
With three abstentions, members endorsed revisions to Manual 19: Load Forecasting and Analysis to reflect updates to the PJM load forecast model.
The changes add variables to account for trends in equipment and appliance saturation and energy efficiency; revise weather variables; update weather station assignment to zones; and revise the weather normalization procedure.
PJM will be publishing a white paper in 2016 to provide more detail on the forecast model.
PJM’s Tom Falin said the impact of the change in solar generation is being quantified, and the committee will be asked to endorse related manual changes in December.
Subcommittee’s Proposed Changes to Governing Documents OK’d
The committee endorsed modifications, clarifications and revisions to 12 terms in PJM governing documents.
