Page 1191 – RTO Insider

April 3, 2018

Grid Resilience Consensus Eludes MISO Sectors

By Amanda Durish Cook

NEW ORLEANS — While MISO’s various sectors last week voiced differences in their views of what constitutes grid resilience, they could agree on one thing: Its specific attributes are still difficult to pin down.

Resilience was in the spotlight after MISO stakeholders selected the subject as their quarterly “hot topic” industry discussion held before the RTO’s Board of Directors on March 28.

Meeting participants offered a mixed bag of suggestions.

Minnesota Public Utilities Commissioner Matt Schuerger agreed with FERC’s definition of resilience as the “ability to withstand and reduce the magnitude and/or duration of disruptive events, which includes the capability to anticipate, absorb, adapt to and/or rapidly recover from such an event.”

But Schuerger said he sees a lot of overlap between reliability and resilience, making the latter largely covered by NERC’s portfolio of standards.

Otter Tail Power’s Stacie Hebert said some of MISO’s transmission-owning members viewed resilience more narrowly as the ability of the system to recover from a failed state.

‘Resilient Reliability’

MISO resilience — Moore | © *RTO Insider*

MISO’s Environmental sector is concerned about double-counting resilience as resource adequacy and reliability, said sector representative John Moore, director of the Natural Resources Defense Council’s Sustainable FERC Project. He argued instead that there are degrees between “fragile reliability” and “resilient reliability.”

“So much of what MISO already does in planning relates to resilience indirectly or directly,” Moore said.

Coal- and oil-fired generators became comparatively economic during early January’s cold snap because they had not been regularly run until emergency conditions nudged them “higher in the dispatch stack,” he said. “They were the most expensive resources in the system until we needed all resources.”

North Dakota Public Service Commissioner Julie Fedorchak said states may have to increasingly turn to MISO’s markets to fulfill generation requirements as uneconomic units retire.

Alliant Energy’s Mitchell Myhre said his Transmission-Dependent Utilities sector was trying to avoid being “too prescriptive” in defining resilience, a concept he called “hard to define.”

Still, others saw a clearer distinction between resilience and reliability.

“My kids will never know what it’s like to sit around with candles playing war games during a thunderstorm because the power is out. That just doesn’t happen anymore. That’s reliability,” Wisconsin Public Service Commissioner Mike Huebsch said. Resilience goes further than that, entailing better communication between grid operators, utilities and customers when disruptions occur, he said.

MISO Already Managing Resilience

Multiple members said MISO already has processes in place to tackle resilience.

“We think MISO is resilient. It’s always been part of our base business, even if we didn’t call it resilience,” said MISO Vice President of System Planning Jennifer Curran.

In response to FERC’s call for RTO/ISO comments on resilience in early March, MISO reported no “imminent or immediate” concerns in its footprint and pointed out that its stakeholder processes and projects have been geared toward resilience “for nearly two decades.” (See “MISO: Work Already in Progress,” RTO Resilience Filings Seek Time, More Gas Coordination.)

“The resilience issue is broader than the transmission grid, and we all have a role to play in ensuring resilience,” Curran told stakeholders.

Director Baljit Dail asked sectors what the RTO should do incrementally beyond what it already does.

“It seems to me that the bulk of the resilience issue is not at the MISO-level, but the distribution level, and that’s not MISO’s purview, but all of you sitting around this table,” he told members.

Moore said MISO could expand cybersecurity measures, with which Dail agreed.

Kevin Murray, representing the Coalition of Midwest Transmission Customers and MISO’s End-User Customers sector, pointed out that much of the RTO’s cybersecurity efforts can only be discussed in closed-session meetings to avoid release of sensitive information.

“I think one of the things that will be a challenge for us is sharing as much of that information as we can,” board Chair Michael Curran agreed.

Director Todd Raba said it seems the distinctions between transmission and distribution systems are becoming increasingly blurred. He rhetorically asked if MISO and its members have to reorganize the metrics placed on each system.

Schueguer said it will be a state-by-state choice to develop mandates to “harden” the distribution system.

‘Accidental’ Resilience

Independent Power Producers sector leader Barry Trayers said he thought MISO is heading toward resilience “almost accidentally” with increased distributed energy resources and a more diverse fuel mix.

“This movement towards DER should bolster the system because there’s less risk of a single large contingency,” said Director Thomas Rainwater.

The difference between the electrical recoveries from Hurricane Harvey in Texas and Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico last year should help MISO and stakeholders define resilience attributes, Rainwater said. He pointed out that parts of Puerto Rico still don’t have power six months after the storm.

Murray pointed out that during hurricanes last year in Florida, bucket trucks and lineman were already queuing up before they hit, readying restoration efforts.

Director Mark Johnson said MISO and its members will at some point have to identify a list of the likely low-probability, high-impact events that could occur in the 15 states in its footprint, as well as the Canadian province of Manitoba.

“The actions that need to be taken will be very much event-specific,” Johnson said.

“There comes a point where maybe we put pen to paper or steel to ground,” agreed Advisory Committee Chair Audrey Penner.

Studying Weather Events

End-Use Customers sector representative and Louisiana Public Service Commission counsel Katherine King said a better understanding of resilience will require MISO to conduct an in-depth investigation into its South region’s two most recent maximum generation events: one last April after heavy outages and high temperatures, and another in mid-January triggered by extreme cold. (See “Several Factors in Spring MISO South Maximum Generation Event,” Louisiana Regulators Question MISO South Max Gen Event.)

“I think it’s very important to go back in after these events occur and ask what caused them and what we can do better,” King said.

The Louisiana PSC is opening a docket and scheduling a technical conference to investigate the January maximum generation event, King added.

Mississippi Public Service Commissioner Brandon Presley said the RTO should also study contingency impacts on the 3,000-MW contract path connecting MISO Midwest and South.

“Everybody has an interest in that connection and woe be it on us if we ignore that,” Presley said.

Rainwater said any changes made in the name of resilience must be cost-effective.

“At the end of the day, the end-use customers will have to pay for whatever resiliency measures we deem necessary, and we have to keep that in mind. We cannot build the system to protect it from … interruptions of any kind,” Rainwater said.

April 3, 2018

MISO Markets Committee Talks Winter, Spring — and Beyond

By Amanda Durish Cook

NEW ORLEANS — A seasonal post-mortem at MISO’s Board Week provided stakeholders with insight into the RTO’s market performance during the near past, near future — and beyond.

MISO and its Independent Market Monitor agreed that markets generally performed well during a challenging winter, and the RTO predicts more operational efficiency throughout spring. But it foresees considerable market changes over the next decade.

The RTO said the sustained cold snap that opened the year was “managed nearly routinely by MISO and members.”

MISO Board Week Forced Outages — Markets Committee of the Board of Directors | © *RTO Insider*

Executive Director of Strategy Shawn McFarlane said the RTO’s $31/MWh December-February average energy price was about 10% higher than last winter.

MISO’s winter peak of 106.1 GW, set on Jan. 17, was 3.2 GW lower than its all-time winter peak set in January 2014. Loads exceeded 100 GW for the first five days of 2018, with forced and planned outages reaching 36 GW. (See MISO Breaks down Recent Cold Snap.)

“While it wasn’t routine, it was handled quite routinely — not a lot of excitement,” McFarlane said during a March 27 meeting of the Markets Committee of the Board of Directors.

MISO committed one unnecessary unit on Jan. 1, an inefficient outcome in what was an otherwise more efficient performance when compared to 2014’s polar vortex weather event.

However, the RTO said a brief mid-January cold spell concentrated in MISO South “proved more challenging, but reliability maintained.” During his quarterly report, Monitor David Patton agreed that mid-January generation patterns “were more fascinating.”

In that instance, another round of arctic air pushed loads above 106 GW over Jan. 17-18, and MISO South set a new winter peak of 32.1 GW in the face of record low temperatures in the region. (See Louisiana Regulators Question MISO South Max Gen Event.) MISO was forced to call a maximum generation event in the South region Jan. 17 after outages there hit 17 GW.

McFarlane said MISO South’s icy weather froze the region’s water and air lines, which are not nearly as insulated as in MISO Midwest. The RTO compensated for South’s shortfall with generation from Midwest, at one point flowing just over 3,000 MW — the maximum allowed by the MISO-SPP agreement — along the contract path between the regions.

“The [South] generators just aren’t as prepared for freezing temperatures,” Patton said. “Part of the reason we were in such bad shape is because the forced outages kept growing and growing. … This is about the most stressful situation I can imagine for MISO South.”

Patton said if the RTO had not made emergency power purchases for the South on Jan. 17, regional supply would have dipped below load for about three to four hours. He referred to the “lights going out in MISO South.”

But Director Michael Curran immediately rebuked Patton’s use of such dramatic language, while also responding that MISO should “burn down” SPP’s transmission on the contract path before it allows MISO South to shed load.

[EDITOR’S NOTE: Curran has denied using the words “burn down.” See related story, SPP Seeks FERC Meet in MISO Tx Dispute.]

Patton said the situation highlights the need to create a regional capacity reserve product that can be delivered within 30 minutes, a recommendation he repeated from last year’s State of the Market report. He also said MISO’s emergency prices are still too low because its extended locational marginal pricing (ELMP) does not properly account for regional dispatch transfer flows. Accounting for such flows in ELMP would be an easy fix, he added.

Spring

Executive Director of System Operations Renuka Chatterjee reiterated a previous report of MISO’s spring preparedness but noted that volatile spring weather can “break load patterns.”

MISO staff said earlier in March that the RTO faces a small possibility of spring emergency conditions if either loads or forced outages are higher than normal. (See Outages Small Risk for MISO Spring Operations.)

Director Thomas Rainwater asked if the outage risk comes from large, thermal units whose loss “MISO has to scramble to replace.”

“Yes, it’s obviously the 1,000-MW units,” Chatterjee replied.

She said as little as an additional 2 GW in forced outages over forecasted load could force the RTO to call upon reserves this spring.

“We’ve seen a chance in the last couple of years of tight operating conditions in the shoulder seasons,” Chatterjee said. “[Reserves] are the end of our stack, and we’ll get into those if we have to.”

However, Chatterjee reassured the board that MISO faces a very slim chance of spring load shedding.

Patton said he now recommends that some generators take planned outages during winter rather than spring to lessen the impacts of mass outages in shoulder periods.

Beyond

With winter and spring covered, a MISO executive outlined a rough to-do list to design a market for a future grid that includes renewables, storage and smart devices.

Richard Doying, now head of future market design, delivered to the board the first report of his exploratory-style role. (See “MISO Shuffles Leadership,” MISO Informational Forum Briefs: Jan. 23, 2018.)

“MISO will be operating transmission with very different assets in the future,” he said.

Doying and MISO staff are evaluating what changes are needed to incorporate renewables, distributed energy supply and storage, and digital flow control devices such as smart appliances and thermostats. The RTO will complete an analysis of market, operational and planning impacts, and prepare a report by the first quarter of 2019, he said.

“Software cycle time really drives digitalization. When you think about an app on your phone that you can install today that wasn’t available yesterday — that took just a few weeks for someone to develop,” Doying said.

Digitalization will affect the grid much more than owners and operators may realize. “Although we can’t see when the changes will arrive, we know that they are coming,” he said. “Waiting until they arrive is a problem and will be imprudent.”

MISO must address, for instance, windy nights when LMPs fall to negative values, a situation that becomes unworkable for non-wind generators serving load. He also said the RTO’s market team will investigate how to properly value essential reliability services.

Director Baljit Dail asked what the RTO’s version of California’s “duck curve” may look like.

Doying responded that MISO is investigating a “double up” of its renewable sources in the next 10 to 15 years, as indicated by new entrants to the queue, but he didn’t elaborate on specific demand curve shapes.

“This is an exciting, but scary, pallet of issues,” said Director Barbara Krumsiek.

Rainwater asked how MISO will begin to value other attributes in a system designed around cost-based ratemaking.

Doying did not get into specifics, but he said that “pricing will be a critical element of any reforms.”

April 3, 2018

MISO to Focus on Shoring up Existing Market Platform

By Amanda Durish Cook

NEW ORLEANS — MISO’s dedicated market platform replacement team will work this year to ensure the RTO’s existing system can stay afloat during the time it will take to build the new one, staff told stakeholders last week.

While MISO is slated to begin naming specific requirements and assembling the new platform next year, this year’s efforts will focus on “standing up” the existing platform for day-to-day operations with software patches, Executive Director of Market Development Jeff Bladen told the Technology Committee of the Board of Directors on March 27.

MISO market platform five-minute settlements — Dail (L) and Curran | © *RTO Insider*

The RTO has so far filled 18 of the 30 positions it has planned for this year, including market engineers and a software architect, Bladen said.

In 2017, MISO completed an assessment on the capability of its existing market platform and began early design of the new, more adaptable modular system. The RTO is poised to spend $130 million by 2024 to replace the aging system. It expects to begin migrating to the new system in 2020, keeping the current one in operation at least until 2021. (See MISO Makes Case for $130M Market Platform Upgrade.)

“This will be one of the largest undertakings in our history,” Bladen said.

“We’re making sure we build the right kind of system, not just an enhanced version of the current system,” MISO Director of Forward Operations Planning Kevin Sherd told stakeholders at a March Market Subcommittee meeting.

‘No BS’

With such a complex project, MISO’s directors urged that executives deliver clearer reports that do not minimize any future hitches or budget overflows.

MISO five-minute settlements market platform — Rainwater | © *RTO Insider*

“What I want to hear from you is clear, candid communication. No BS. No flowery language. … That’s the kind of stuff that I need to hear,” Director Thomas Rainwater told MISO executives.

“That’s what we need: full transparency and candor. We’re not going to rip your heads off,” Director Baljit Dail added.

Earlier in March, Bladen said the RTO’s new platform will be equipped to handle expanded energy storage participation under FERC’s Order 841, but the legacy system may struggle to accommodate the directives.

Meanwhile, MISO’s separate, settlements platform replacement is ready for the launch of five-minute settlements, officials said, although the RTO is continuing to test the new system while it waits for generation owners to adapt their own software and reporting systems to a five-minute schedule. MISO has twice obtained FERC approval to defer the five-minute settlements roll-out until July. (See MISO Wins Delay on 5-Minute Settlement Roll-Out.)

April 1, 2018

UPDATE: FES Seeks Bankruptcy, DOE Emergency Order

By Michael Brooks

FirstEnergy Solutions filed for bankruptcy Saturday, two days after asking Energy Secretary Rick Perry to issue an emergency order directing PJM to compensate coal-fired and nuclear power plants that have 25 days of onsite fuel.

The request from FirstEnergy’s competitive power business came a day after the company announced that it will close its three nuclear plants — Davis-Besse and Perry in Ohio, and Beaver Valley in Pennsylvania — by 2021.

Late Saturday night, the subsidiary filed for Chapter 11 protection in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Akron, Ohio. The move has been expected since at least February, when FirstEnergy CEO Charles Jones predicted it in a company earnings call. (See FirstEnergy CEO Predicts Death of FES, Coal, Nuclear.)

In a statement, FirstEnergy made clear that the bankruptcy proceedings only applied to FES and its subsidiaries, including FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Co. Jones touted the move as part of the company’s strategy to get out of the competitive power industry.

“Becoming a fully regulated utility company should give FirstEnergy a stronger balance sheet, solid cash flows and more predictable earnings. Simply put, we will be better positioned to deliver on the tremendous opportunities for customer-focused growth,” he said.

According to Bloomberg, FES is about $3.6 billion in debt, of which 60% is in municipal bonds. It had faced an April 2 deadline to pay bond holders $100 million.

‘Immediate Action’ Requested

In its 44-page letter to Secretary Perry, FES said the premature retirements of its three plants, along with other coal and nuclear plants in PJM, constitute an emergency threat to the reliability of the RTO’s grid. It cited as evidence a report released just two days earlier by the Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory that said coal “provided the most resilient form of generation in PJM” during the January cold snap known as the “bomb cyclone.”

“PJM continues to claim that all is well with its system, but at the same time shows it does not have a clear view of what resilience is, how to measure it or how to ensure it,” FES told Perry. “PJM has demonstrated little urgency to remedy this problem any time soon — so immediate action by the secretary is needed to alleviate the present emergency.”

PJM rejected FES’ allegation. “This is not an issue of reliability,” PJM said in an emailed statement. “There is no immediate emergency.”

FES also criticized FERC for rejecting DOE’s Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that would have directed all RTOs and ISOs to compensate the full operating costs of any generating facility with 90 days of onsite fuel. The commission instead opened a new docket to receive input on the resilience issue. (See RTO Resilience Filings Seek Time, More Gas Coordination.)

“Despite the fact that the time for such remedial action has come, FERC terminated your rulemaking proceeding and chose instead merely to study the issue further,” the company wrote. “FERC’s response was disappointing. FERC’s reliance on comments by RTOs/ISOs — the very entities that preside over the flawed markets — is misplaced. More fundamentally, FERC’s decision to study the issue further is too little, too late.”

FERC recently extended the deadline to May 9 for intervenors to submit comments in response to the grid operators’ filings (AD18-7).

FPA Section 202c

FES’ requested order, which would be invoked under Section 202c of the Federal Power Act, would apply to “nuclear and coal-fired generators located within the PJM footprint that have a supply of fuel on site sufficient to allow 25 days of operation at full output; that are substantially compliant with all applicable federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations; and that do not recover any of their capital or operating costs through rates regulated by a duly authorized state regulatory authority, municipal government or energy cooperative.”

Those plants would “be compensated with just and reasonable rates that provide for full recovery of its fully allocated costs and a fair return on equity.”

FES also requested that in cases when PJM and a qualifying plant are unable to reach an agreement on rates, “the secretary step in and determine the just and reasonable compensation and conditions.” It also asked that the order remain in effect for at least four years or “until the secretary determines that the emergency has ceased to exist because the PJM markets have been fixed to properly compensate these units for the resiliency and reliability benefits that they provide.”

The Energy Department has used its authority to declare emergencies eight times since 1977 — when the Department of Energy Organization Act transferred this power from FERC to the secretary of energy — beginning with the Western Energy Crisis of 2000. Perry has invoked it twice: last April for the Oklahoma-owned Grand River Dam Authority’s Grand River Energy Center Unit 1, and in June for Dominion Energy’s Yorktown plant. (See DOE Approves Emergency Dispatch of Yorktown Units.)

In both cases, the plants were coal-fired. And in both, Perry issued the orders less than five days after receiving the requests from the plants’ owners. In Yorktown’s case, PJM had also filed a request.

Section 202c limits any emergency action to 90 days if it conflicts with any other law, although it allows the secretary to extend the emergency for another 90 days after a review. Perry has renewed the Yorktown request twice, as PJM had requested that it stay in effect until the construction of a needed transmission line in the Historic Triangle region of Virginia.

However, FES said that “because the eligible nuclear and coal-fired generators must continue to substantially comply with all applicable federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, the provision in Section 202c limiting the duration to a 90-day period is not applicable.”

Robert Murray, CEO of coal producer Murray Energy, has been lobbying the Trump administration to issue an emergency order for FirstEnergy’s Ohio coal plants, his company’s biggest customer, since at least last July. Perry had reportedly rejected the use of such an order in August, opting instead to issue the resilience NOPR. (See Photos Show Murray’s Role in Perry Coal NOPR.)

Bloomberg, citing anonymous sources, reported in February that DOE officials were still considering the use of 202c for FirstEnergy’s coal plants, but the department countered that the sources were “misinformed.” Nevertheless, Undersecretary Mark Menezes told Bloomberg that “we have authorities that we can use when the need arises. They’re well known. And we’ll use them if we need to.”

PJM, Stakeholders React

PJM acknowledged fuel supply diversity is important. “But the PJM system has adequate power supplies and healthy reserves in operation today, and resources are more diverse than they have ever been. Nothing we have seen to date indicates that an emergency would result from the generator retirements,” the RTO said. “The potential for the retirements has been discussed publicly for some time. In anticipation, PJM took a preliminary look at the effect of the retirements on the system. We found that the system would remain reliable. We have adequate amounts of generation available.”

In February, PJM issued a report showing that its grid performed reliably during the cold snap but that price formation changes were needed, echoing comments that CEO Andy Ott made in January before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. (See PJM: Cold Snap Uplift Shows Need for Pricing Changes.)

Condemnation of FES’ request was widespread across stakeholder sectors and interests.

“FirstEnergy does not speak for its own customers, as strong opposition from their customers to past FirstEnergy bailout attempts clearly shows, much less their attempt to speak for all 65 million customers who depend on PJM,” the Electric Power Supply Association said. “Similarly, FirstEnergy does not speak for all other coal and nuclear asset owners.”

On Friday, EPSA joined with 10 other trade associations — the American Council on Renewable Energy, American Forest & Paper Association, American Petroleum Institute, American Wind Energy Association, Electricity Consumers Resource Council, Independent Petroleum Association of America, Interstate Natural Gas Association of America, Natural Gas Supply Association, Solar Energy Industries Association and Advanced Energy Economy — to request that Perry allow comment on FES’ filing, citing the company’s failure to seek rehearing of FERC’s decision on the resilience NOPR.

“It would be manifestly unreasonable and unfair to both other interested parties and the secretary for FE Solutions to demand that the secretary act without hearing from interested parties, including PJM, after having failed to exercise its right to request rehearing before FERC and waited nearly three months before challenging FERC’s order through the March 29 request to the secretary,” the groups said.

The Sierra Club said a 202c order would be illegal and promised to sue the department if Perry granted FES’ request. “If the Trump administration bows to FirstEnergy and moves forward with this bailout attempt, Sierra Club fully intends to challenge and defeat the administration in court,” said Mary Anne Hitt, director of the group’s Beyond Coal campaign.

NRG Energy spokesman David Gaier called FES’ request “a solution in search of a problem.”

“The only crisis here is one affecting FirstEnergy’s shareholders, and Ohio ratepayers should not be asked to bail out FE for its inability to profitably operate its power plants,” Gaier said.

John Moore, director of the Natural Resources Defense Council’s Sustainable FERC Project, said, “FirstEnergy is desperate to pad its bottom line at the expense of its customers. The region is awash in cleaner and cheaper resources, and FirstEnergy can’t compete in the market. This move is stunning given that the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the Department of Energy and the state of Ohio have all rejected these bailouts.”

“PJM has twice the reserve margin it needs so this fuel supply crisis is completely manufactured,” said Rob Gramlich, president of Grid Strategies, a renewable energy consultancy. “PJM has been quite accommodating in my opinion, asking FERC for a nationwide ruling and to be directed to make market design changes if they deem necessary. They’re punishing some pretty good deeds.”

While the Nuclear Energy Institute lamented the plant closures, it did not express direct support for FES’ request.

“The announcement from FirstEnergy to retire more than 4,000 MW of nuclear power generation demonstrates the urgency for policymakers to act before it is too late,” said John Kotek, NEI vice president of policy development and public affairs. “All options to prevent the closure of nuclear plants should be explored.”

Nuke Closures

In Wednesday’s announcement of the nuclear plant closures, FES Generation President Don Moul repeated its call for “elected officials in Ohio and Pennsylvania to consider policy solutions that would recognize the importance of these facilities to the employees and local economies in which they operate, and the unique role they play in providing reliable, zero-emission electric power for consumers in both states.”

Zero-emission credit legislation similar to that passed in Illinois and New York has stalled in Ohio, however.

The plants have a combined capacity of slightly more than 4 GW, representing about 65% of the electricity FES generated in 2017, according to the company.

“PJM has an established 90-day process to review generator retirement requests. We will conduct the full analysis required to determine if there would be any local effects on the grid,” the RTO said in its statement. “However, given the unusually long advance notice, there would be sufficient time to complete any transmission upgrades required.”

It also noted there are about 10 GW of generation in Ohio under construction or in the interconnection queue.

April 1, 2018

SPP’s FCA List Pared to One Area

By Tom Kleckner

FERC on Thursday accepted the recommendations of SPP’s Market Monitoring Unit to eliminate the Woodward frequently constrained area (FCA) in Northwest Oklahoma and replace the Texas Panhandle FCA with a smaller one for the Lubbock area. The changes are effective April 1 (ER18-736).

FCAs are areas with high levels of congestion that are also subject to one or more pivotal suppliers.

The Monitor’s December 2017 FCA report recommended removing the two historically congested areas that appeared on the 2016 report, while designating one new FCA. The MMU annually reviews and designates SPP’s congested areas.

FCA frequently constrained area SPP Woodward — | *SPP*

The MMU recommended removing the Woodward FCA — added in January 2016 because of the growth in wind resources in western SPP — because of a decrease in congestion following the Woodward phase shifting transformer upgrade in May 2017.

It said the Texas Panhandle FCA should be removed because it no longer met the threshold of binding for at least 500 hours with a $25/MWh impact during a given 12-month period.

However, the Monitor suggested the Lubbock, Texas, area be added as SPP’s lone FCA for this year. The area first appeared as an FCA candidate in the 2015 study and has seen increased congestion since, indicating a shift in congestion south of the Texas Panhandle, the MMU said.

SPP Woodward FCA frequently constrained area — SPP’s FCA Candidate Areas | *SPP*

Congestion in this area was part of the southern section of the Texas Panhandle FCA but upgrades north of the Lubbock area and the Woodward-Border-Tuco 345-kV line shifted the congestion to the southwestern edge of the RTO’s grid.

“The Texas Panhandle still sees congestion, but the addition of the Lubbock area better represents where the concern of exercise of market power exists,” the MMU said. The Lubbock area saw 686 hours of congestion in 2017.

FERC ruled that the Monitor’s suggestion that it simply post the FCA list on SPP’s website without the Board of Directors’ approval was outside the proceeding’s scope. The MMU said that following the Tariff requirement for board approval can take six months, a lag that can lead to outdated FCA lists and that “does not allow SPP or the Market Monitor to efficiently and appropriately address market power concerns.”

The commission urged the RTO and its stakeholders to consider the MMU’s suggested improvements to the FCA re-evaluation and designation process through the stakeholder process.

April 1, 2018

FERC Approves Rate Reductions for SWPA Customers

By Tom Kleckner

FERC last week approved SPP’s proposed Tariff revisions reducing network service charges for customers in Southwestern Power Administration’s (SWPA) pricing zone, effective April 1 (ER18-769).

The commission agreed with SPP that the proposed revisions, filed in January, will ensure SWPA customers are not charged twice for the same deliveries. FERC noted it had previously accepted similar mechanisms to eliminate double charging for deliveries of statutory hydropower obligations to federal preference customers.

SWPA is one of several Department of Energy power marketing administrations selling hydroelectric power produced at Army Corps of Engineers dams “with preference to public bodies such as rural electric cooperatives and municipal utilities.” The agency participates in SPP as a limited transmission owner under the RTO’s Tariff, selling excess transmission capacity on its system as non-federal transmission service under grandfathered agreements with individual customers or through its Tariff.

SPP uses SWPA’s transmission facilities, located in pricing Zone 10, to provide transmission service, scheduling services, operating reserve sharing, reliability coordination and other services. Attachment AD of the RTO’s Tariff “contemplates” the migration of all non-federal transmission service customers to network service or point-to-point transmission service, FERC said.

SPP SWPA network service Southwestern Power Administration — SWPA recovery crew pauses during 2009 restoration work | *Southwestern Power Administration*

SPP explained to the commission that network service customers in SWPA’s pricing zone are assessed monthly demand charges on a coincidental peak basis under Schedule 9 of the Tariff, based on the customer’s total metered load. Because SWPA charges a bundled rate for deliveries of its federal power, federal preference customers could pay twice if they take SPP network service in the zone and do not use any other TOs’ intervening facilities, the RTO said.

SPP said the revisions would eliminate the double charging by reducing the eligible network customers’ network load by the amount of federal power they receive from SWPA, scheduled at the time of the coincident peak used in calculating Schedule 9 demand charges.

The commission noted SWPA recognized the double charging issue and sponsored the Tariff revision through SPP’s stakeholder process. The SPP Board of Directors approved the change in July 2017.

April 1, 2018

Committee Ponders Expanded Role for MISO Storage Group

By Amanda Durish Cook

NEW ORLEANS — MISO’s Steering Committee last week said it needs more time to decide whether the stakeholder-led Energy Storage Task Force can deliberate on how the RTO can comply with FERC’s sweeping storage order issued in March.

Established last year, the task force was charged with exploring expanded storage participation in MISO, including generator-and-storage interconnection combinations and competitive bidding on storage projects that solve transmission issues. However, the task force has not assumed it could begin considering expanded storage rules as they specifically relate to last month’s Order 841. (See MISO Storage Task Force Talks Order 841.)

MISO’s task forces do not determine stakeholder policy; instead, they submit recommendations to other committees with decision-making authority, such as the Advisory Committee. The Energy Storage Task Force has already sent several discussion topics — including storage capacity accreditation, must-offer requirements, state-of-charge management, possible aggregation and new modeling needs — to MISO’s Resource Adequacy Subcommittee, Reliability Subcommittee, Planning Advisory Committee and Market Subcommittee.

MISO FERC energy storage timely nomination cycle — Elliott | © *RTO Insider*

“My initial response is that this task force was created prior to Order 841,” Steering Committee Chair Tia Elliott said during a March 28 meeting.

Task force Chair John Fernandes said his group will have plenty of issues to discuss even if the committee decides against assigning it Order 841. The group can hold dialogue on operational functions, customer-owned storage assets and modeling issues — including whether storage should be modeled in MISO’s yearly Transmission Expansion Plan process or the interconnection queue, he said.

“I don’t necessarily have it in my mind that the task force will go away,” Fernandes said.

As an interim measure, FERC last week approved a second MISO storage definition, allowing storage to participate in front of the meter to supply energy, capacity, spinning reserve, supplemental reserve and regulating reserve. (See FERC OKs MISO Plan to Expand Storage.) However, the commission also determined that MISO had to address other storage participation rules, namely creating unique bidding parameters for storage resources, a path for storage to receive make-whole payments and an outline detailing how storage could provide voltage support and black start services. It ordered the RTO to devise those rules in a compliance filing.

April 1, 2018

MISO Board of Directors Briefs: March 29, 2018

NEW ORLEANS — MISO Board of Directors Chairman Michael Curran paid tribute to Eugene Zeltmann, a former board member who passed away in late February after a battle with leukemia.

Michael Curran MISO Board of Directors — Curran | © *RTO Insider*

Zeltmann was a former CEO of the New York Power Authority and served on several boards after his retirement from that position in 2006. He served a nine-year tenure on MISO’s board, exiting in 2015.

MISO DER SPP Board of Directors RTO Insider — Zeltmann | *Beloit College*

“He served with considerable distinction and was a moral compass to us all,” Curran said during a March 29 board meeting.

After struggling to compose himself, Curran disclosed that he visited Zeltmann two weeks before he died and found the same man he served with on MISO’s board.

“‘Tell me about MISO, Michael. Tell me how everyone is doing,’ he said. He was Gene until the end,” Curran said.

RTO Adds 8 New Members

MISO can add eight new non-transmission-owning entities to its membership in 2018, board members decided Thursday.

Senior Vice President of Compliance Services Stephen Kozey said five of the eight applicants will join the RTO’s Competitive Transmission Developers stakeholder group: Avangrid Networks, Cardinal Point Electric, Eastex Transco, Ferrovial Transco International UK and LS Power Midcontinent.

MISO board of directors — MISO Board of Directors | © *RTO Insider*

MISO is also adding the city of Benton, Ark.’s Benton Utilities as a participant in the Municipal, Cooperative Electric Utilities and Transmission-Dependent Utilities sector, and Ranger Power and Tradewind Energy to the Independent Power Producers sector.

Election Year for MISO

MISO will also hold board elections later this year to fill three board seats.

Directors Phyllis Currie’s and Mark Johnson’s first terms are ending, and both are seeking re-election. Curran will reach the RTO’s limit of three three-year terms at the end of this year and will not be eligible for re-election.

MISO will use an outside search firm to produce a slate of outside candidates to be vetted by the RTO’s Nominating Committee (composed of stakeholders), board members and staff through summer.

— Amanda Durish Cook

April 1, 2018

MISO Rule Change to Simplify Stakeholder Group Elections

NEW ORLEANS — A new rule change will prevent MISO participants from simultaneously running for chair and vice chair of a stakeholder group, a move that multiple stakeholders said was needed to simplify the nominating process.

MISO Advisory Committee sector representatives voted 19-5 in favor of the change during a March 28 meeting.

MISO Advisory Committee Vice Chair — MISO Advisory Committee | © *RTO Insider*

The RTO’s Stakeholder Governance Guide was previously silent on whether stakeholders could submit their names as nominees for the chair and vice chair positions of a single stakeholder group.

“I think we assumed that stakeholders would not try for both,” Advisory Committee Vice Chair Tia Elliott said.

However, two candidates running last year for chair of MISO’s new Energy Storage Task Force expressed interest in running for vice chair if they weren’t picked for the top position. The situation led to one candidate submitting a late vice chair nomination, ultimately forcing a rerun of the election. (See Nomination Redux for MISO Energy Storage Task Force.)

— Amanda Durish Cook

April 1, 2018

Advisory Committee Steps up Criticism of MISO Forecast Plan

By Amanda Durish Cook

NEW ORLEANS — MISO Advisory Committee members last week criticized the RTO’s plan to revamp load forecasting using projections from load-serving entities, saying the amount of data needed is nearly impossible to provide.

Speaking at a March 28 Advisory Committee meeting, Planning Advisory Committee Chair Cynthia Crane said that while MISO must revise its independent load forecast to accommodate growth of distributed resources and changing load shapes, the RTO’s 140-plus LSEs have concerns over how to provide four 20-year forward forecasts using four sets of future assumptions from the Transmission Expansion Plan.

“If you do the math, you’re talking 98 million data points, and there’s the question of how MISO is going to organize all of that,” Crane said, using a calculation of 8,760 hours per year for 20 years across the four MTEP futures.

Wisconsin Public Service’s Chris Plante said he wasn’t convinced that MISO needs that level of detail for transmission planning.

MISO Advisory Committee load-serving entities LSEs — Wisersky (left) and Plante | © *RTO Insider*

“I started my utility life out as a load forecaster. … If I could forecast 8,760 hours for 20 years over four futures, I wouldn’t be in this room,” joked Madison Gas and Electric’s Megan Wisersky. “When I’m told this will improve the planning process, I just laugh,” adding that she doubted that current third-party load forecaster Purdue University provides the same level of detail.

“We’re not going to add staff for such a meaningless exercise,” Wisersky said of her fellow LSEs.

MISO has said it might replace its current independent load forecast prepared by Purdue’s State Utility Forecasting Group with data compiled by LSEs to produce the forecast that informs transmission planning, an effort that will require LSEs to annually assemble four different 20-year load forecasts to fit with each MTEP future. The approach is one of two MISO is vetting to improve its load forecasts. If LSEs decide they cannot collect that level of information, the RTO will continue its practice of hiring a contractor to put together a load forecast. (See Members Skeptical as MISO Explores LSE Load Forecasting.)

Plante said it’s difficult for members to make an informed decision until stakeholders know how much MISO pays Purdue for its independent load forecast. He wondered if the alternative plan would save the RTO any money.

“We see this as an opportunity to try to offset some of these increases we see in the [operations and maintenance] budget year to year,” he said.

Crane pointed out that all other RTOs use an independent load forecast to guide transmission planning.

“I’ll sound like my mother here: Just because someone else is doing it, doesn’t mean you should,” Wisersky said.

MISO staff did not provide comment at the meeting, although Executive Director of System Planning Aubrey Johnson took notes on the members’ reactions and promised to deliver a report to RTO planners.